Robert Selden Rose (February 24, 1774 – November 24, 1835) was a U.S. Representative (1823–1827) from New York.
Born in Amherst County, Virginia, Rose attended the common schools.
Rose married in Virginia. He and his wife had several children, including a son Robert Lawson Rose (1804–1877), who also served as US Congressman from New York (1847–1851).
In an unusual migration path, Rose moved north to Seneca County, New York in 1803. It was a time when millions of acres of public land were sold at inexpensive prices. He settled at Fayette, New York, near Geneva, New York. There he became a farmer.
He was first elected as a member of the state assembly in 1811. He was elected again in 1820 and 1821. That year he also served as a member of the state constitutional convention at Albany, New York.
In 1822 Rose was elected to the Eighteenth Congress as an Adams-Clay Democratic-Republican. He was reelected as an Adams candidate to the Nineteenth Congress, serving in total from March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1827.
The following year, Rose was elected as an anti-Masonic candidate to the Twenty-first Congress (March 4, 1829 – March 3, 1831). He was later affiliated with the Whig Party. After serving in Congress, he resumed agricultural pursuits.
Rose died in Waterloo, New York, while attending a session of the circuit court, on November 24, 1835. He was interred in the Old Pulteney Street Cemetery. Later his remains were reinterred in Glenwood Cemetery, Geneva, New York.