Roč

Roč
Village
St Bartholomew's church and St Anthony Abbot's church
Coordinates: 45°24′N 14°3′E / 45.400°N 14.050°E / 45.400; 14.050
Country	Croatia
County	Istria
Municipality	Buzet
Population (2011)
• Total	153
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code	52 425
Area code(s)	052

Roč (Italian: Rozzo, German: Rotz) is a village in Istria County, north-west Croatia. Administratively it belongs to the town of Buzet. Roč is considered a historic town rather than a village due to its rich cultural heritage.

It is situated in the northwest of the Istrian peninsula, southwest of the Ćićarija plateau. The village is located about 50 km (31 mi) south-east of Trieste on the road via Koper and the Učka Tunnel (B8) to Rijeka. Roč station is also a stop on the Istrian Railway (Istarske pruge) line from Divača via Podgorje to Pula.

The present-day settlement was first mentioned as Rus in a document of 1064. Like Roč or Rozzo, the names all derive from the Celtic Roz. The related name Roc is very common in wide areas under Celts influence. The area had been settled in protohistoric times. Romans called it Castrum Rotium or Rocium.

While the former March of Istria was gradually incorporated into the Venetian Stato da Màr, Roč from the 12th century onwards developed to a fortified town and a centre of Croatian literature. The local Church of St. Anthony holds the precious Roč Glagolitic Abecedarium from the 13th century. The first Croatian printed book, the 1483 Missale Romanum Glagolitice, was prepared in Roč by one Juri Žakan. By the 1797 Treaty of Campo Formio, Istria fell to the Habsburg Monarchy and later became part of the Austrian Littoral. After the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991, most of Istria (including Roč) became part of present-day Republic of Croatia.