Rio Abiseo National Park
| Rio Abiseo National Park | |
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IUCN category II (national park)
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| Location | Huicungo District, San Martín Region, Peru |
| Coordinates | 7°45′S 77°15′W / 7.750°S 77.250°WCoordinates: 7°45′S 77°15′W / 7.750°S 77.250°W |
| Area | 274,520 ha (1,059.9 sq mi) |
| Established | August 11, 1983 (by 064-83-AG) |
| Governing body | SERNANP |
| Type | Mixed |
| Criteria | iii, vii, ix, x |
| Designated | 1990 (14th session) |
| Reference no. | 548 |
| State Party | Peru |
| Region | Latin America and the Caribbean |
| Extensions | 1992 |
The Rio Abiseo National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional del Río Abiseo) is located in the San Martín department of Peru.UNESCO pronounced it as Natural and Cultural Heritage of Humanity (World Heritage Site) in 1990. The park is home to a large number of species of flora and fauna, as well as the location of over 30 pre-Columbian archaeological sites. Since 1986, the park has not been open to tourism due to the fragile nature of both the natural and archaeological environment.
Located in the San Martín Region of Peru between the Marañón and Huallaga rivers, the park has an area of approximately 2,745.2 square kilometres. The park covers 70% of the Abiseo river basin. Elevations reach as high as 4,200 meters (13,780 ft) above sea level and as low as 350 m (1,150 ft).
The part protects three distinct ecoregions: Ucayali moist forests at lower elevations, Peruvian Yungas at middle elevations, and Cordillera Central páramo at the highest elevations.
There are at least seven climate zones in the park, including montane forest, tropical alpine forest, montane rainforest, high Andean grasslands (puna), and dry forest. Rainfall ranges from 20 to 80 inches (2.0 m) per annum. The montane cloud forest, composing most of the park area, is a high-altitude rainforest with short trees, moss and lichen. This ecosystem occurs above the altitude of about 2,300 meters (7,550 ft). High humidity is constant and rain falls throughout the year, particularly at the higher elevations. The soil is acidic.
The yellow-tailed woolly monkey, Oreonax flavicauda, previously thought to be extinct, is known to live in the park and appears to be endemic to the region. It was mostly due to this monkey's critically endangered status that the area gained national park status and was placed on the list of World Heritage Sites in 1983.
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