Revolt of the Muckers
| Mucker's Revolt | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Belligerents | |||||
| Imperial National Guard | |||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||
| Colonel Genuino Sampaio | |||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||
| approximately 150, including Jacobina Maurer | unknown, including Colonel Genuino Sampaio | ||||
In the Revolt of the Muckers 1873–1874, in the region of Sapiranga, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Jacobina Mentz Maurer, believed by some to be a prophet, led a conflict that happened in the years of 1873 and 1874, between two groups in a German community in Southern Brazil. It was eventually quelled by the Brazilian military and its leaders either killed or arrested and imprisoned.
Before emancipation in 1955, Sapiranga was considered the fifth district of São Leopoldo. The whole region of Vale do Rio dos Sinos started to be settled by German immigrants on July 25, 1824. These Germans, mostly farmers, were brought by the Brazilian Government to populate this inhospitable area of Brazil. In the first 50 years of immigration, between 20 and 28 thousand Germans arrived, almost all of them for agricultural settlement. The first settlers were recruited by Major Antônio Jorge Schäffer and taken to the current town of São Leopoldo. The immigrants had to build their own houses, received seeds for planting and livestock for sustenance. From São Leopoldo, the Germans cleared the area, following the path of rivers. In some years, the whole region of Vale do Rio dos Sinos was being occupied by German settlers. In 1826 the first tannery was built in the valley. Next, wheat mills were built, a soap factory, tools, workshops, cutting of stones, and a huge number of shoes.
These Germans lived in an isolated rural community without access to medical care. Therefore, many of them used to consult local healers. Jacobina Mentz, a local inhabitant, who had suffered from epileptic attacks since childhood, then she was seen as the victim of a disorder of the nervous system, aggravated by elements of religious nature. Jacobina's family was already involved in religious issues. Her grandparents, Libório Mentz and Ernestina Magdalene Lips, immigrated from Germany, escaping religious persecution to which the Muckers were subjected to after their leaders lost a libel case.
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