Retinoic acid receptor

retinoic acid receptor alpha
Identifiers
Symbol	RARA
Entrez	5914
HUGO	9864
OMIM	180240
RefSeq	NM_000964
UniProt	P10276
Other data
Locus	Chr. 17 q21.1

retinoic acid receptor beta
Identifiers
Symbol	RARB
Entrez	5915
HUGO	9865
OMIM	180220
RefSeq	NM_000965
UniProt	P10826
Other data
Locus	Chr. 3 p24

retinoic acid receptor gamma
Identifiers
Symbol	RARG
Entrez	5916
HUGO	9866
OMIM	180190
RefSeq	NM_000966
UniProt	P13631
Other data
Locus	Chr. 12 q13

The retinoic acid receptor (RAR) is a type of nuclear receptor which can also act as a transcription factor that is activated by both all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cis retinoic acid. There are three retinoic acid receptors (RAR), RAR-alpha, RAR-beta, and RAR-gamma, encoded by the RARA, RARB, RARG genes, respectively. Each receptor isoform has ten splice variants: four for alpha, four for beta, and two for gamma.

As with other type II nuclear receptors, RAR heterodimerizes with RXR and in the absence of ligand, the RAR/RXR dimer binds to hormone response elements known as retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) complexed with corepressor protein. Binding of agonist ligands to RAR results in dissociation of corepressor and recruitment of coactivator protein that, in turn, promotes transcription of the downstream target gene into mRNA and eventually protein.

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