Research campus

A science park (also called a "university research park", or a "science and technology park") is a strategically planned, purpose built work environment. It is designed to locate in close physical proximity university, government and private research bodies involved in a particular field of endeavour. This is so that knowledge can be shared, innovation promoted and research outcomes progressed to viable commercial products.

The world's first university research park started in the early 1950s near Stanford University. Another early university research park was Research Triangle Park. In 1969, Pierre Laffitte founded the Sophia Antipolis Science Park in France. Laffitte had travelled widely and developed a theory of "cross-fertilisation" where individuals could benefit mutually by the exchange of thoughts in many fields including culture, science and the arts.

Science parks are elements of the infrastructure of the global "knowledge economy". They provide locations that foster innovation and the development and commercialisation of technology and where governments, universities and private companies may collaborate. The developers work in fields such as information technology, pharmaceuticals, science and engineering. Science parks may also offer a number of shared resources, such as incubators, programs and collaboration activities, uninterruptible power supply, telecommunications hubs, reception and security, management offices, bank offices, convention center, parking, and internal transportation.

Science parks also aim to bring together people who assist the developers of technology to bring their work to commercial fruition, for example, experts in intellectual property law. They can be attractive to university students who may interact with prospective employers and encourage students to remain in the local area.

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