Republic of San Marco
| Republic of San Marco | ||||||||||
| Repubblica di San Marco (it) | ||||||||||
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Motto Viva San Marco! "Long Live St Mark!" |
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| Capital | Venice | |||||||||
| Languages | Venetian, Italian | |||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | |||||||||
| Government | Republic | |||||||||
| President | Daniele Manin | |||||||||
| Historical era | Revolutions of 1848 | |||||||||
| • | Napoleon cedes Venice to Habsburg Austria |
17 October 1797 |
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| • | Insurrection against Habsburg rule |
17 March 1848 |
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| • | Independence declared | 22 March 1848 | ||||||||
| • | Joined by cities of Venetia |
March – April 1848 |
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| • | Joined Piedmont-Sardinia |
5–13 August 1848 |
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| • | Battle of Novara | 23 March 1849 | ||||||||
| • | Manin negotiates surrender to Austria |
27 August 1849 |
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| • | Habsburgs cede Venetia to Italy (via France) | 12 October 1866 | ||||||||
| Area | ||||||||||
| • | Venice | 412 km² (159 sq mi) | ||||||||
| • | Venetoa | 20,000 km² (7,722 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population | ||||||||||
| • | Venice est. | 130,000 | ||||||||
| Density | 315.5 /km² (817.2 /sq mi) | |||||||||
| • | Venetoa est. | 2,300,000 | ||||||||
| Density | 115 /km² (297.8 /sq mi) | |||||||||
| Currency | Venetian lira | |||||||||
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| a: Veneto area approx 20 000 km². See also: Republic of Venice (697–1797) |
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The Republic of San Marco (Italian: Repubblica di San Marco), an Italian revolutionary state, existed for 17 months in 1848–1849. Based on the Venetian Lagoon, it extended into most of Venetia, or the Terraferma territory of the Venetian Republic, suppressed 51 years earlier in the French Revolutionary Wars. After declaring independence from the Habsburg Austrian Empire, the republic later joined the Kingdom of Sardinia in an attempt, led by the latter, to unite northern Italy against foreign (mainly Austrian but also French) domination. But the First Italian War of Independence ended in the defeat of Sardinia, and Austrian forces reconquered the Republic of San Marco on 28 August 1849 following a long siege.
After existing as an independent maritime republic for 1101 years and a leading naval power in the Mediterranean for most of that time, the Republic of Venice surrendered to Napoleon during the French Revolutionary Wars in 1797 and was ceded to the Austrian Empire (as the kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia) by the Treaty of Campo Formio a few months later. This was confirmed by the 1815 Congress of Vienna.
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Wikipedia