Renegade period

Renegade period
Part of the Apache Wars
Renegade Apaches by Henry Farny
Date 1879–1924 Location Southwest United States, Northwestern Mexico Result United States/Mexican victory
Belligerents
United States  Mexico	Apache
Commanders and leaders
George Crook Nelson A. Miles Al Sieber Emilio Kosterlitsky	Victorio † Geronimo Chatto Apache Kid Massai

The Renegade period of the Apache Wars refers to the conflicts between the United States and Mexico and the Apache people who left the reservation system between 1879 and 1886, and renegade Apaches who lived in northern Mexico into the 1920s.

Chief Victorio and the medicine man Geronimo were perhaps the best known renegades of the period.

From 1870 to 1880, Victorio and his band were moved to and left at least three different reservations, some more than once, despite his band's request to live on traditional lands. The Ojo Caliente reservation was located in their traditional territory, near present-day Dusty, New Mexico. Victorio and his band were moved to San Carlos Reservation in Arizona Territory in 1877. He and his followers left the reservation twice before but came back only to leave permanently in late August 1879 which started Victorio's War. Victorio was successful at raiding and evading capture by the military, he won a significant engagement at Las Animas Canyon on September 18, 1879.

In April, 1880, Victorio was credited with leading the Alma Massacre – a raid on United States settlers' homes around Alma, New Mexico. During this event, several settlers were killed. Victorio's warriors were finally driven off with the arrival of American soldiers from Fort Bayard. However, Victorio continued his campaign with the attack on Fort Tularosa.

On August 9, 1880 Victorio and his band attacked a stagecoach and mortally wounded retired Major General James J. Byrne.

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