Reginald Dyer
| Reginald Edward Harry Dyer | |
|---|---|
Dyer circa 1919
|
|
| Nickname(s) |
The Butcher of Amritsar General Dyer |
| Born |
9 October 1864 Murree, Punjab, British India |
| Died | 24 July 1927 (aged 62) Long Ashton, Somerset |
| Allegiance |
 United Kingdom
|
| Service/branch |
 British Army
|
| Years of service | 1885–1920 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Commands held |
Seistan Force 25th Punjabis |
| Battles/wars |
Third Anglo-Burmese War Chitral Expedition First World War Jallianwala Bagh massacre |
| Awards |
Companion of the Order of the Bath Mentioned in Despatches (2) |
| Spouse(s) | Anne Dyer (1904–1938+) |
Colonel Reginald Edward Harry Dyer CB (9 October 1864 – 23 July 1927) was an officer of the British Army who, as a temporary brigadier general, was responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar (in the province of Punjab). Dyer was removed from duty, but he became a celebrated hero in Britain, particularly among people with connections to the British Raj. Some historians argue the episode was a decisive step towards the end of British rule in India.
Dyer was born in Murree, in the Punjab province of British India, which is now in Pakistan. He was the son of an Indian-born Anglo brewer who managed the Murree Brewery in the town of Ghora Gali. He spent his childhood in Murree and Shimla and received his early education at the Lawrence College Ghora Gali, Murree and Bishop Cotton School in Shimla. He attended Midleton College, County Cork, Ireland between 1875 and 1881. In 1885, soon after graduating from the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, he was commissioned into the Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) as a lieutenant, and performed riot control duties in Belfast (1886) and served in the Third Burmese War (1886–87). He was then transferred to the British Indian Army, initially joining the Bengal Staff Corps as a lieutenant in 1887. He was attached to the 39th Bengal Infantry, later transferring to the 29th Punjabis. He served in the latter in the Black Mountain campaign (1888), the Chitral Relief (1895) (promoted to captain in 1896) and the Mahsud blockade (1901–02). In 1901 he was appointed a deputy assistant adjutant general. He was then transferred to the 25th Punjabis.
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