Reformasi (Malaysia)

The Reformasi was a protest movement that began in September 1998 throughout Malaysia initiated by Anwar Ibrahim after his sacking as Deputy Prime Minister by the country's then Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad in the same month. The massive movement consisted of civil disobedience, demonstrations, sit-ins, rioting, occupations and online activism, involving thousands across Malaysia protesting against the Barisan Nasional government under the Mahathir Cabinet.

The movement started off as a political campaign calling for the resignation of Mahathir, Malaysia's longest serving Prime Minister and the end of corruption and cronyism allegedly associated with the government of the day.

Building on the momentum of the Reformasi, a political movement called the Social Justice Movement (Malay: Pergerakan Keadilan Sosial) (Adil) was formed and led by Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, wife of Anwar Ibrahim. However, after facing difficulties in registering Adil as a political party, the reformasi movement took over a small party Ikatan Masyarakat Islam Malaysia and led to the formation of a new multiracial-based party named Parti Keadilan Nasional (National Justice Party) in 1999. On 3 August 2003, the newly-merged entity (Parti Keadilan Nasional and Parti Rakyat Malaysia) was officially launched and assumed its current name, Parti Keadilan Rakyat. Although the Reformasi movement gradually ended after the 1999 general election, the Reformasi is still being used as slogan until now. Other similar slogans like Lawan Tetap Lawan (Fight On), Ubah (Change), and, Ini Kalilah (This Is It) just became popular in the 2010s.