Randolfo Pacciardi
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The Honourable Randolfo Pacciardi |
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| Minister of Defence | |
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In office 23 May 1948 – 16 July 1953 |
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| Prime Minister | Alcide De Gasperi |
| Preceded by | Cipriano Facchinetti |
| Succeeded by | Giuseppe Codacci Pisanelli |
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Member of the Italian Chamber for Pisa |
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In office 8 May 1948 – 4 June 1968 |
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Member of the Constituent Assembly for Pisa |
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In office 25 June 1946 – 8 May 1948 |
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| Secretary of the Italian Republican Party | |
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In office April 1933 – March 1934 |
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| Preceded by | Raffaele Rossetti |
| Succeeded by | Giuseppe Chiostergi |
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In office May 1945 – December 1949 |
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| Preceded by | Umberto Pagani |
| Succeeded by | Oronzo Reale |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
1 January 1899 Gavorrano, Italy |
| Died | 14 April 1991 (aged 92) Rome, Italy |
| Political party |
Italian Republican Party (1915–64; 1980–91) Democratic Union for the New Republic (1964–1974) |
| Relations | Giovanni Pacciardi (father) Elvira Guidoni (mother) |
| Alma mater | University of Siena |
| Profession | Journalist |
| Religion | Deism |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |
 Kingdom of Italy Spanish Republic
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| Service/branch |
 Royal Italian Army International Brigades
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| Years of service | 1917–1919; 1936–1939 |
| Rank | Lieutenant colonel |
| Unit | 11th Bersaglieri Regiment 8th Bersaglieri Regiment Garibaldi Battalion |
| Battles/wars |
World War I (1914–1918)
Spanish Civil War (1936–1939)
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World War I (1914–1918)
Spanish Civil War (1936–1939)
Randolfo Pacciardi (1 January 1899 – 14 April 1991) was an Italian politician, a member of the Italian Republican Party (PRI). He was also an officer who fought during World War I and in the Spanish Civil War.
Pacciardi was born at Giuncarico, in the province of Grosseto (southern Tuscany).
In 1915 he became a member of the Italian Republican Party (PRI), and, despite being underage, he was enlisted in the Italian Army's officers school. As a Bersaglieri lieutenant, he fought during World War I, and was awarded with two silver and one bronze medals, as well as an English Military Cross.
In 1921 he graduated in jurisprudence. Later he collaborated with the newspaper L'Etruria Nuova, denouncing the increasing violences of the Fascist squads. In 1922 Pacciardi moved to Rome, where he founded the anti-fascist movement "L'Italia libera", which was suppressed in 1925. After the Fascists outlawed all the other parties, he was condemned to five years confinement, but was able to escape to Austria and then to Switzerland.
After moving to France, in 1936 he founded an Italian Antifascist Legion to fight in the Spanish Civil War. He subsequently fought at the head of the Garibaldi Battalion, part of the International Brigades in the Siege of Madrid, after which he was promoted as lieutenant colonel. Pacciardi fought against the National faction in Spain until 1937. In that year, in Paris, he founded the weekly La Giovine Italia (a homage to the ideologist of the unification of Italy, Giuseppe Mazzini). In 1938 he held a series of lectures in the United States about anti-fascism in Europe. In the same year he joined Masonry, and was confirmed as secretary of the PRI in exile. When the Italian-American antifascist Mazzini Society was founded in 1939, Pacciardi joined that too. He returned to Italy only after the liberation of Rome in 1944. In 1945 he was again confirmed national secretary of the now re-established PRI, and the following year he was elected to the Constituent Assembly of Italy.
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Wikipedia