Rafael Aguilar Talamantes

Rafael Aguilar Talamantes (October 24, 1939 in Mulegé, Santa Rosalía, Baja California Sur – July 17, 2016 in Ciudad de México, México) was a Mexican politician.

Talamantes graduated from the National School of Economics at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (Spanish: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) (UNAM) in 1962 where he attended from 1958. He returned to UNAM in 1971 to the National School of Law where he attended until 1976, leaving without completing his degree. Originally a member of the Mexican Communist Party, he became a political prisoner in 1966 apprehended in the Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo in Michoacán on October 8 of that year. Talamantes was imprisoned on charges of property damage to the nation.

In 1970, Talamantes was released from prison due to the law of social dissolution being repealed by then president Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, many other student protesters were among those released. Aguilar soon after left the Mexican Communist Party, claiming the party had done nothing to get him out of prison. Talamantes along with other prominent members of the student movement, as well as members of the Marxist leftist movement, the Movement of National Liberation (Spanish: Movimiento de Liberación National) (MLN), formed the Comité Nacional de Auscultación y Organización (CNAO) in 1971. The organization however suffered a split between those that wanted to adopt Marxism–Leninism ideology and those that wanted to adopt a party language more in line with what they felt was the voice of the Mexican people. Demetrio Vallejo and Heberto Castillo split to form the Mexican Workers' Party (Spanish: Partido Mexicano de los Trabajadores) (PMT), Rafael Aguilar Talamantes, along with Graco Ramírez, formed the Socialist Workers' Party (Spanish: Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores) PST.

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