RD-0108
 |
|
| Country of origin | USSR |
|---|---|
| First flight | 1965-10-05 |
| Designer | KBKhA |
| Manufacturer | Voronezh Mechanical Plant |
| Application | Upper Stage |
| Associated L/V | Molniya-M and Soyuz |
| Predecessor | RD-0108 |
| Status | In Production |
| Liquid-fuel engine | |
| Propellant | LOX / RG-1 |
| Mixture ratio | 2.2 |
| Cycle | Gas Generator |
| Configuration | |
| Chamber | 4 |
| Performance | |
| Thrust (vac.) | 298 kilonewtons (67,000 lbf) |
| Thrust-to-weight ratio | 74.36 |
| Chamber pressure | 6.8 megapascals (990 psi) |
| Isp (vac.) | 326 seconds |
| Burn time | 250s |
| Dimensions | |
| Length | 1,575 millimetres (62.0 in) |
| Diameter | 2,240 millimetres (88 in) |
| Dry weight | 408.5 kilograms (901 lb) |
| Used in | |
| Molniya-M Block-I and on most Soyuz Block-I | |
| References | |
| References | |
The RD-0110 is a rocket engine burning liquid oxygen and kerosene in a gas generator combustion cycle. It has four fixed nozzles and the output of the gas generator is directed to four secondary vernier nozzles to supply vector control of the stage. It has an extensive flight history with its initial versions having flown more than 55 years ago (as of June 2015).
OKB-154 of S.A. Kosberg was tasked with developing an engine for the unmanned Molniya Block-I stage. Thus, the RD-0107 was developed in the 1960 to 1961 period, based on the RD-0106 (GRAU Index: 8D715) engine that powered the SS-8 Sasin ICBM, also designed by OKB-154. It also leveraged the experience in the field from the Vostok Block-E RD-0105/RD-0109 development. The engine had its debut flight on October 10, 1960, and the last Molniya flight was on October 22, 1967.
For the crewed carrying Voskhod Block-I, a version of the engine that complied with the human rating 3K Regulations was needed. During 1963 OKB-154 developed this new version of the engine. Known with by the GRAU index 8D715P, the RD-0108 kept the same characteristics and performance of the RD-0107 while fully complying with the crew rating regulations. This engine had its first flight on November 16, 1963 and last flew on June 29th, 1976.
For the Molniya-M Block-I, OKB-154 did an improvement program that put special emphasis on the reliability of the engine. This project gave birth to the RD-0110. A particular problem observed during acceptance testing were high frequency instabilities, particularly during the start sequence. But it was solved by installing of longitudinal felt ribs on the combustion chamber. The development of the RD-0110 was performed in 9 months during 1963, with its inaugural flight happening in 1964. It is also used on the Soyuz third stage in all models until the RD-0124 debut on the 2.1b. It has flown over 1350 times, and accumulated more than 336,500s of burn time and it still flown many times per year.
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