Province of Carnaro
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Provincia del Carnaro Provincia di Fiume |
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| Province of the Kingdom of Italy | |||||
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| Capital |
Fiume 45°20′N 14°26′E / 45.333°N 14.433°ECoordinates: 45°20′N 14°26′E / 45.333°N 14.433°E |
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| Prefect | |||||
| • | 1924 | Gaetano Giardino (first) | |||
| • | 1943–45 | Alessandro Spalatin (last) | |||
| Historical era | Interbellum · World War II | ||||
| • | Established | 22 February 1924 | |||
| • | Invasion of Yugoslavia | 6–17 April 1941 | |||
| • | OZAK formed | 10 September 1943 | |||
| • | Paris Peace Treaty | 10 February 1947 | |||
| Area | |||||
| • | 1938 | 1,121.29 km2(433 sq mi) | |||
| Population | |||||
| • | 1938 | 109,018 | |||
| Density | 97.2 /km2 (251.8 /sq mi) | ||||
| Today part of |
 Croatia Slovenia
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The Province of Carnaro (or Province of Fiume) was a province of the Kingdom of Italy from 1924 to 1943, then under control of the Italian Social Republic and German Wehrmacht from 1943 to 1945. It took its official name after the Gulf of Carnaro (Golfo del Carnaro).
The province was divided into 13 municipalities and in 1938 had an area of 1,121.29 km ² with a population of 109,018 inhabitants and a density of 109 inhabitants / km ².
Fiume had been occupied since September 1919 by a private force led by the nationalist poet Gabriele D'Annunzio, disilluded with Italy's management of the Fiume question after the end of the First World War. D'Annunzio's initiative was a personal one, however, and the Italian army evacuated the poet's soldiers. With the Treaty of Rapallo Fiume and its immediate surroundings, counting around 50,000 Italian-speakers and 13,000 Croatian-speakers, were declared a free city.
Nationalist and fascists kept on pushing for a direct annexation of Fiume; after a staged coup in 1922, the city was militarly occupied by the Regio Esercito. The province was finally created in 1924, with the Treaty of Rome, when the territory of the former State was split up between Yugoslavia and Italy, with the latter receiving Fiume.
The new province was formed by the coastal zone of the Free State, which became the district (circondario) of Fiume; and by the district of Volosca-Abbazia, formerly within the Province of Pola. In 1928, districts were abolished and two other municipalities passed under the jurisdiction of Fiume, Matteria and Castelnuovo d'Istria.
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