Prime Minister of the Republic of China

President of the Executive Yuan 行政院院長 Xíngzhèng Yuàn Yuànzhǎng
Emblem of the Republic of China
Incumbent Lin Chuan since 20 May 2016
Appointer	President of the Republic of China
Constituting instrument	Constitution of the Republic of China
Inaugural holder	Tang Shaoyi as Premier of Cabinet
Formation	13 March 1912
Succession	Second
Deputy	Vice President of the Executive Yuan
Website	www.ey.gov.tw

The President of the Executive Yuan, commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China; sometimes as Prime Minister), is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China (commonly known as "Taiwan"). The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China. In the terminology used by the People's Republic of China, it is referred to as the Executive chief of the Taiwan area or Executive chief.

Before the establishment of the Executive Yuan in 1928, the premier of the Republic of China was created as "Premier of Cabinet" (Chinese: 內閣總理) in 1912. It was changed to the "Secretary of State" (Chinese: 國務卿) in 1914 and "Premier of State Council" (Chinese: 國務總理; pinyin: Guówù Zŏnglĭ) in 1916 in the Beiyang Government. In 1928, the Kuomintang (KMT) Government established the Executive Yuan and Tan Yankai served as the first President of the Executive Yuan.

The premier presides over the Executive Yuan Council, which makes up the official cabinet. The vice premier, ministers, and chairpersons of the Executive Yuan Council are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the premier. The premier's official duties also include presenting administrative policies and reports to the Legislators, responding to the interpellations of legislators (much like Question Time in some parliamentary systems), and, with the approval of the president, asking the Legislators to reconsider its resolutions. Laws and decrees promulgated by the President must also be countersigned by the Premier.