Presidency of Andrew Jackson

The Jackson Cabinet
Office	Name	Term
President	Andrew Jackson	1829–1837
Vice President	John C. Calhoun	1829–1832
	None	1832–1833
	Martin Van Buren	1833–1837
Secretary of State	Martin Van Buren	1829–1831
	Edward Livingston	1831–1833
	Louis McLane	1833–1834
	John Forsyth	1834–1837
Secretary of Treasury	Samuel D. Ingham	1829–1831
	Louis McLane	1831–1833
	William J. Duane	1833
	Roger B. Taney	1833–1834
	Levi Woodbury	1834–1837
Secretary of War	John H. Eaton	1829–1831
	Lewis Cass	1831–1836
Attorney General	John M. Berrien	1829–1831
	Roger B. Taney	1831–1833
	Benjamin F. Butler	1833–1837
Postmaster General	William T. Barry	1829–1835
	Amos Kendall	1835–1837
Secretary of the Navy	John Branch	1829–1831
	Levi Woodbury	1831–1834
	Mahlon Dickerson	1834–1837

The presidency of Andrew Jackson began on March 4, 1829, when Andrew Jackson was inaugurated as President of the United States, and ended on March 4, 1837. Jackson, the seventh United States president, took office after defeating incumbent President John Quincy Adams in the 1828 presidential election by a landslide, after a bitter campaign. In coalition with politicians from New York and Virginia, he mobilized his Western support and founded a political force that became the Democratic Party, which he led to victory. Jackson won re-election in 1832, easily defeating Henry Clay. He was succeeded by Vice President Martin Van Buren.

Jackson became the most influential and controversial political figure of the 1830s. Historian James Sellers has stated, "Andrew Jackson's masterful personality was enough by itself to make him one of the most controversial figures ever to stride across the American stage." His two terms as president set the tone for the quarter-century era of American public discourse known as the Jacksonian Era (or Second Party System by political historians), in which the principles of Jacksonian democracy were advanced. These decades also included the rise of the "spoils system" in American politics.

Nicknamed "Old Hickory," he was known for his violent temper and numerous pistol duels. He fought the newly formed Whig Party, which tried to use federal power to modernize the economy through support for banking, tariffs on manufactured imports, and internal improvements such as canals and harbors. Jackson's struggles with Congress were personified in his bitter rivalry with Henry Clay, who led the opposition Whigs in Congress. His most controversial presidential actions included: a series of forced removals of Native American nations from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States; the destruction of the Second Bank of the United States; his use of patronage to build his Democratic Party; his hard money policies, which helped contribute to the Panic of 1837; and his threat to use military force against the state of South Carolina during the 1832–33 Nullification Crisis. He was fearful for the survival of republican values in America, and constantly sought out political enemies he alleged were subverting those values.

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