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Portuguese Communist Party

Portuguese Communist Party
Partido Comunista Português
Abbreviation PCP
Leader Collective leadership (Central Committee)
Secretary-General Jerónimo de Sousa
Founded 6 March 1921 (1921-03-06)
Headquarters Rua Soeiro Pereira Gomes 3, Lisbon
Newspaper Avante!,
O Militante,
Emigração,
Portugal e a UE
Youth wing Portuguese Communist Youth
Membership  (2012) 60,484
Ideology Communism,
Marxism–Leninism
Political position Left-wing to Far-left
National affiliation Unitary Democratic Coalition
European affiliation None
International affiliation International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties
International Communist Seminar
European Parliament group European United Left–Nordic Green Left
Colours      Red
Assembly of the Republic
15 / 230
European Parliament
3 / 21
Regional Parliaments
3 / 104
Local Government
213 / 2,086
Website
www.pcp.pt

The Portuguese Communist Party (Portuguese: Partido Comunista Português, pronounced: [pɐɾˈtidu kumuˈniʃtɐ puɾtuˈɡeʃ], PCP) is a major left-wing political party in Portugal. It is a Marxist-Leninist party, and its organization is based upon democratic centralism. The party also considers itself to be patriotic and internationalist.

The party was founded in 1921 as the Portuguese section of the Communist International (Comintern). Made illegal after a coup in the late 1920s, the PCP played a major role in the opposition to the dictatorial regime of António de Oliveira Salazar. During the five-decades-long dictatorship, the party was constantly suppressed by the political police, the PIDE, which forced its members to live in clandestine status under the threat of arrest, torture, and murder. After the Carnation Revolution in 1974, which overthrew the 48-year regime, the 36 members of party's Central Committee had, in the aggregate, experienced more than 300 years in jail.

After the end of the dictatorship, the party became a major political force in the newly democratic state, mainly among the working class. Despite being less influential since the fall of the Socialist bloc in eastern Europe, the party still enjoys popularity in large sectors of Portuguese society, particularly in the rural areas of the Alentejo and Ribatejo, and in the heavily industrialized areas around Lisbon and Setúbal, where it holds the leadership of several municipalities.


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