Polykastro
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Polykastro Πολύκαστρο |
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 Polykastro
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Location within the regional unit
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| Coordinates: 41°00′N 22°34′E / 41.000°N 22.567°ECoordinates: 41°00′N 22°34′E / 41.000°N 22.567°E | |
| Country | Greece |
| Administrative region | Central Macedonia |
| Regional unit | Kilkis |
| Municipality | Paionia |
| • Municipal unit | 312.7 km2 (120.7 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Municipal unit | 11,822 |
| • Municipal unit density | 38/km2 (98/sq mi) |
| Community | |
| • Population | 7,065 (2011) |
| • Area (km2) | 45.8 |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) |
| • Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) |
| Vehicle registration | ΚΙ |
Polykastro (Greek: Πολύκαστρο, before 1928 Καρασούλι, Karasoúli;Bulgarian and Macedonian: Ругуновец, Rugunovec) is a town and a former municipality in Kilkis regional unit of Central Macedonia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Paionia, of which it is a municipal unit, and the seat. The municipal unit has an area of 312.717 km2, the municipal unit 45.775 km2. The municipal unit of Polykastro has 12,000 inhabitants, and includes Polykastro and 23 villages. It is built near the Axios River, on the road and railway from Thessaloniki to Belgrade. It was formerly known as Karasuli (Turkish), Mavrosuli or Rugunovec (Bulgarian: Ругуновец).
It was inhabited in the Neolithic Era. There are two settlements from that era: in Axiochorion (Amydon) and in Limnotopos (Carabia). In the Bronze Age, 3500 to 3000 BC, Paeonians moved into the area. In Axiochorion was the capital of Paeonia, Amydon. Paeonians from Amydon took part in the Trojan War as Trojan allies, with King Pyraechmes and Asteropaeus. King Pelegon was the one who led Paeonians from the northern valley of the Axios river to the southern valley, now called Amphaxitis. Paeonians also, founded the town Chaetae in Tsaousitsa, near Pontoiraklia. In the 19th century BC, there was an invasion from the east. The invaders were Pelasgians, later known as Crestonians, as they inhabited Krestonia, east of Amphaxitis. In the 12th century BC Phrygians came in the area. Amydon became the first place of iron treatment in Southeast Europe. Phrygians founded the town Baerus or Vairos near the village Kastro. In the 5th century B.C. Macedonians conquered Amphaxitis and by that time, the Area of Polykastro followed the rest of Greece.
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