Polish parliamentary election, 1991

Polish parliamentary election, 1991

1989 ← 27 October 1991 (1991-10-27) → 1993

All 460 seats in the Sejm 231 seats were needed for a majority in the Sejm All 100 seats in the Senate Turnout 43.2%   First party Second party Third party   Leader Tadeusz Mazowiecki Aleksander Kwaśniewski Wiesław Chrzanowski Party UD SLD WAK Leader since May 1991 30 January 1990 28 October 1989 Leader's seat Poznań Warsaw Lublin Last election Did not exist 173 seats, 37.6% Did not exist Seats before 49 102 Seats won 62 60 49 Seat change 13 42 49 Popular vote 1,382,051 1,344,820 980,304 Percentage 12.3% 12.0% 8.7% Swing 12.3% 25.6% 8.7%   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Jarosław Kaczyński Waldemar Pawlak Leszek Moczulski Party POC PSL KPN Leader since 12 May 1990 29 June 1991 1 September 1979 Leader's seat Warsaw Płock Kraków Last election Did not exist 76 seats, 16.5% none Seats won 44 48 46 Seat change 44 28 46 Popular vote 977,344 972,952 841,738 Percentage 8.7% 8.7% 7.5% Swing 8.7% 7.8% 7.5%

Voivodeships with winning majority ■ – Democratic Union ■ – Democratic Left Alliance ■ – Polish People's Party ■ – Catholic Election Action ■ – Peasants' Agreement ■ – Civic Center Alliance ■ – Liberal Democratic Congress ■ – Confederation of Independent Poland ■ – Independent ■ – German Minority

Prime Minister before election Jan Krzysztof Bielecki KLD New Prime Minister Jan Olszewski Centre Agreement

■ – Democratic Union ■ – Democratic Left Alliance
■ – Polish People's Party ■ – Catholic Election Action
■ – Peasants' Agreement ■ – Civic Center Alliance
■ – Liberal Democratic Congress ■ – Confederation of Independent Poland
■ – Independent ■ – German Minority

Jan Krzysztof Bielecki
KLD

Jan Olszewski
Centre Agreement

The 1991 Polish parliamentary election was held on 27 October 1991 to elect deputies to both houses of the National Assembly. The 1991 election was notable on several counts. It was the first parliamentary election to be held since the formation of the Third Republic, the first entirely free and competitive legislative election since the fall of communism, the first completely free legislative election of any sort since 1928, and only the fifth completely free election in all of Polish history. Due to the collapse of the Solidarity movement's political wing, the 1991 election saw deep political fragmentation, with a multitude of new parties and alliances emerging in its wake. Low voting thresholds within individual constituencies, along with a five percent national threshold allocated to a small portion of the Sejm, additionally contributed to party fragmentation. As a result, 29 political parties gained entry into the Sejm and 22 in the Senate, with no party holding a decisive majority. Two months of intense coalition negotiations followed, with Jan Olszewski of the Centre Agreement forming a minority government along with the Christian National Union, remnants of the broader Center Civic Alliance, and the Peasants' Agreement, with conditional support from Polish People's Party, Solidarity and other minor parties.

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