Polička
| Polička | |||
| Town | |||
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| Country | Czech Republic | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Region | Pardubice | ||
| District | Svitavy | ||
| Municipality | Polička | ||
| River | Bílý potok | ||
| Elevation | 555 m (1,821 ft) | ||
| Coordinates | 49°42′54″N 16°16′3″E / 49.71500°N 16.26750°ECoordinates: 49°42′54″N 16°16′3″E / 49.71500°N 16.26750°E | ||
| Area | 33.11 km2 (12.78 sq mi) | ||
| Population | 8,922 (2012-01-01) | ||
| Density | 269/km2 (697/sq mi) | ||
| Founded | 1265 | ||
| Mayor | Jaroslav Martinů | ||
| Timezone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Postal code | 572 01 | ||
   Location in the Czech Republic
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| Statistics: statnisprava.cz | |||
| Website: www.policka.org | |||
Polička (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpolɪtʃka]; German: Politschka) is a town on the Bohemia-Moravia borderline in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. The population is 8,922 (as of January 1, 2012), and it lies about 17 km (11 mi) west of Svitavy. The elevation of the town is 555 m.
Polička was founded in 1265 by Bohemian King Ottokar II of Bohemia.
The name of the land Na políčkách (On the Fields) appeared for the first time in the list of places which, in 1167, King Vladislaus II of Bohemia put under the administration of the Praemonstratensian monastery in Litomyšl. Gradually, a settlement was built there in order to defend the country's trading route, leading from Moravia to Bohemia through dense forests.
On September 27, 1265, King Přemysl Ottokar II issued a decree in which he ordered the Royal Administrator Conrad of Loewendorf to take proper care of "setting up our new town Na políčkách". Undoubtedly, Conrad's plan was the beginning of the basic ground plan which still exists: a trapezoid square with four corner streets leading to four gates surrounded with a complex of buildings confined into an elliptical shape.
In 1305, Polička was mentioned as a dowry town of Czech queens. It was Přemysl Ottokar II who first dedicated the town to his wife Kunhuta as a dowry. In the 14th century, Queen Eliška Rejčka was given the town as a forfeit for her dowry by her second husband King Rudolf of Habsburg. Later, the profit from the town's revenues remained part of the dowry of wives of members of the ruling family. Thus the regional dowry town of Polička entered history.
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Wikipedia