Polícia Judiciária
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Judicial Police Polícia Judiciária |
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|---|---|
| Abbreviation | PJ |
Logo of the Judicial Police
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| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 1893 |
| Preceding agency | Polícia Civil (Civil Police) |
| Legal personality | Governmental: Government agency |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| National agency | Portugal |
| Primary governing body | Government of Portugal |
| Secondary governing body | Ministry of Justice (Portugal) |
| General nature | |
| Operational structure | |
| Headquarters | Lisbon |
| Website | |
| www.pj.pt | |
The Polícia Judiciária (PJ; English: Judicial Police) is the national criminal investigation police agency of Portugal, focused in fighting serious crimes, including homicides, kidnapping, organized crime, terrorism, illegal drug trade, corruption, cybercrime and financial crime. It is integrated into the Ministry of Justice, but operates under the supervision of the Public Ministry.
Several countries and territories that were once overseas provinces of Portugal maintain criminal investigation polices modeled after the Portuguese one, with some of them retaining also the name Polícia Judiciária. These are the cases of Cabo Verde, Guinea-Bissau and Macau.
The Polícia Judiciária Militar (Military Judicial Police) is a separate criminal investigation police agency that operates under the Ministry of National Defense. This agency is responsible for the investigation of military crimes and crimes committed among the Portuguese Armed Forces.
The present Polícia Judiciária originates from a division of the old Polícia Civil (Civil Police). The Polícia Civil was founded on 2 July 1867, during the reign of Luís I of Portugal and changed its name to Polícia Cívica (Civic Police) in 1910. By decree of 29 August 1893, the Polícia de Investigação Judiciária e Preventiva (Judicial Investigation and Preventive Police) branch of the Polícia Civil was created. In 1922, this branch became the Polícia de Investigação Criminal (PIC, Criminal Investigation Police). In 1927, it becames an autonomous police service under the Ministry of Justice. On 20 October 1945, the PIC changed its name to Polícia Judiciária.
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