Pluton (complex)
ADU-1000 South station transmitting array.
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| Organisation | Center for Deep Space Communications |
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| Location(s) | Yevpatoria, Crimea, Ukraine. |
| Coordinates | 45°10′13″N 33°15′11″E / 45.170328°N 33.253106°ECoordinates: 45°10′13″N 33°15′11″E / 45.170328°N 33.253106°E |
| Wavelength | radio 5, 8, 32, and 39 cm |
| Built | 1960 |
| Telescope style | array of Cassegrain reflectors |
| Diameter | consisted of eight (8) 16 metre dishes |
| Collecting area | ≈900 m² |
| Mounting | altitude/azimuth |
| Enclosure | none |
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Coordinates: 45°10′13.18″N 33°15′11.18″E / 45.1703278°N 33.2531056°E
Pluton (at 1980ss – Pluton-M) is a system of deep space communications and planetary radar. It was built in Deep-Space Communication Center (its real name "85 радиотехнический центр дальней связи с космическими объектами" - "Eighty-fifth Radiotechnical Center of Distance Communications with Space Objects") near Yevpatoria in 1960, and consists of at least three antennas. Three of them are of the ADU-1000 design, an assembly of eight reflector antennas, each with diameter of 16 metres. At the North station, two receiving antennas were built, and a transmitter was constructed 8.5 kilometres away at the South station.
Each receiving dish has a Cassegrain system with subreflectors mounted on quadrapods in front of the dishes. The dishes were welded onto the hulls of two diesel submarines and laid down onto railway bridge trusses. The ADU-1000 antennas were mounted onto steerable frames constructed from battleship gun turrets and railway bridge trusses.
The Pluton complex supported all the Soviet space programs until 1978, when the Yevpatoria RT-70 radio telescope was built, then the Pluton became a backup system for the RT-70. The Pluton complex was the world's highest capacity deep space communication system prior to Goldstone in 1966.
In 1961 it performed one of the world's first radar detection of the planet Venus. In June 1962 it performed the world's first successful radar detection of the planet Mercury . In February 1963 it performed successful radar detection of the planet Mars. In September–October 1963 it performed successful radar detection of the planet Jupiter.
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