Pitaka

Translations of Tripiṭaka
English	Three Baskets
Pali	Tipiṭaka
Sanskrit	त्रिपिटक Tripiṭaka
Bengali	ত্রিপিটক
Burmese	ပိဋကတ် သုံးပုံ [pḭdəɡaʔ θóʊɴbòʊɴ]
Chinese	大藏经 (Pinyin: Dàzàngjing)
Japanese	三蔵 (さんぞう) (rōmaji: sanzō)
Khmer	ព្រះត្រៃបិដក
Korean	삼장 (三臧) (RR: samjang)
Sinhala
Thai	พระไตรปิฎก
Vietnamese	Tam tạng
Glossary of Buddhism

Tripiṭaka, also referred to as Tipiṭaka or Pali Canon, is the traditional term for the Buddhist scriptures. These are canonical texts revered as exclusively authoritative in Theravada Buddhism. The Mahayana Buddhism also reveres them as authoritative but, unlike Theravadins, it also reveres various derivative literature and commentaries that were composed much later.

The Tripitakas were composed between about 500 BCE to about the start of the common era, likely written down for the first time in the 1st century BCE. The Dipavamsa states that during the reign of Valagamba of Anuradhapura (29–17 BCE) the monks who had previously remembered the Tipitaka and its commentary orally now wrote them down in books, because of the threat posed by famine, war. The Mahavamsa also refers briefly to the writing down of the canon and the commentaries at this time. Each Buddhist sub-tradition had its own Tripitaka for its monasteries, written by its sangha, each set consisting of 32 books, in three parts or baskets of teachings: (1) the basket of expected discipline from monks (Vinaya Piṭaka), (2) basket of discourse (Sūtra Piṭaka, Nikayas), and (3) basket of special doctrine (Abhidharma Piṭaka). The structure, the code of conduct and moral virtues in the Vinaya basket particularly, have similarities to some of the surviving Dharmasutra texts of Hinduism. Much of the surviving Tripitaka literature is in Pali, some in Sanskrit, as well as other local Asian languages.

Tripiṭaka (Sanskrit: त्रिपिटक), also called Tipiṭaka (Pali), means Three Baskets. It is a compound Sanskrit word of tra (त्र) meaning three, and pitaka (पिटक) or pita (पिट) meaning "basket or box made from bamboo or wood" and "collection of writings", according to Monier-Williams. These terms are also spelled without diacritics as Tripitaka and Tipitaka in scholarly literature.

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