Phil Gramm
| Phil Gramm | |
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| Chair of the Senate Banking Committee | |
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In office January 20, 2001 – June 6, 2001 |
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| Preceded by | Paul Sarbanes |
| Succeeded by | Paul Sarbanes |
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In office January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001 |
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| Preceded by | Al D'Amato |
| Succeeded by | Paul Sarbanes |
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United States Senator from Texas |
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In office January 3, 1985 – November 30, 2002 |
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| Preceded by | John Tower |
| Succeeded by | John Cornyn |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 6th district |
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In office January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1985 |
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| Preceded by | Olin Teague |
| Succeeded by | Joe Barton |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
William Philip Gramm July 8, 1942 Fort Benning, Georgia, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican (1983–present) |
| Other political affiliations |
Democratic (before 1983) |
| Spouse(s) | Wendy Lee |
| Alma mater | University of Georgia |
| Religion | Episcopalianism |
William Philip "Phil" Gramm (born July 8, 1942) is an American economist and politician, who has served as a Democratic Congressman (1979–1983), a Republican Congressman (1983–1985) and a Republican Senator (1985–2002) from Texas. He later became a lobbyist for UBS and founded a public policy and lobbying firm, Gramm Partners. He was a senior economic adviser to John McCain's presidential campaign from the summer of 2007 until July 18, 2008.
Gramm was born on July 8, 1942 in Fort Benning, Georgia, and grew up in nearby Columbus. Soon after his birth, Gramm's father, Kenneth Marsh Gramm, suffered a stroke and was partially paralyzed. He died when Gramm was 14. Gramm's mother, Florence (née Scroggins), worked double shifts as a nurse to supplement the veterans disability pension.
Gramm attended public schools, graduated in 1961 from Georgia Military Academy (now Woodward Academy), and graduated in 1964 from the University of Georgia. He received a doctorate in economics from the University of Georgia's Terry College of Business in 1967
He then taught economics at Texas A&M University from 1967 to 1978. In addition to teaching, Gramm founded the economic consulting firm Gramm & Associates (1971–1978).
In 1976, Gramm unsuccessfully challenged Texas Democratic Senator Lloyd Bentsen, in the party's senatorial primary. Then in 1978 Gramm successfully ran as a Democrat for Representative from Texas's 6th congressional district, which stretched from the Fort Worth suburbs to College Station. He was reelected to his House seat as a Democrat in 1980.
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