Pennar

Penna
River
Map showing the river.
Country	India
States	Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka
Region	South India
District	Chikkaballapur, Anantapur, Kadapa, Nellore
Tributaries
- left	Jayamangali, Kunderu, Sagileru
- right	Chitravati, Papagni, Cheyyeru
Cities	Nellore, Nellore
Source	Nandi Hills
- location	Karnataka, Chikkaballapur district, South India, Karnataka, India
Mouth
- location	Utukuru into Bay of Bengal, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
- elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Length	597 km (371 mi)
Basin	55,213 km2 (21,318 sq mi)
Discharge	for Nellore (1965–1979 average), max (1991)
- average	200.4 m3/s (7,077 cu ft/s)
- max	1,876 m3/s (66,250 cu ft/s)
- min	0 m3/s (0 cu ft/s)

The Penna (also Pennar, Penner or Penneru and Pinākinī in Sanskrit) is a river of southern India. The Penna rises on the hill of Nandi Hills in Chikballapur District of Karnataka state, and runs north and east through the state of Andhra Pradesh to empty into the Bay of Bengal. It is 597 kilometres (371 mi) long, with a drainage basin covering 55,213 km²: 6,937 km² in Karnataka and 48,276 km² in Andhra Pradesh. The river basin lies in the rain shadow region of Eastern Ghats and receives 500 mm average rainfall annually.

The name of the river Penneru (alternatively Penner) is seemingly derived from Telugu words penu పెను meaning grand and yeru ఏఱు / యేఱు meaning river, stream, or a rivulet or else from neeru నీరు water, in flow of course.

The watershed of the Penna and its tributaries covers part of the southern Deccan plateau, including most of the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh and part of Karnataka. The Kolar Plateau forms the divide between the Penna watershed and those of the Kaveri, Ponnaiyar, and Palar rivers to the south. The Penna drains the northern portion of the plateau, which includes parts of Kolar and Tumkur districts in Karnataka. The Krishna River and its tributaries drain the Deccan plateau to the west and north of the Penna's watershed, and the low Erramala hills forms the northern divide of the Penna basin. The upper watershed of the Penna includes Cuddapah District, central and eastern Anantapur District, the southern part of Kurnool District, northwestern Chittoor District. The main tributaries of the Penna are the Jayamangali, Kunderu and Sagileru from the north, and the Chitravathi, Papagni and Cheyyeru from the south. The Penna then flows east through a gap in the Eastern Ghats ranges onto the plain of Coastal Andhra, flowing through Nellore city before it empties into the Bay of Bengal at a place called Utukuru, 15 km east of Nellore.