Pedro Carujo
| Pedro Carujo | |
|---|---|
| Born |
1801 Barcelona, Anzoátegui State |
| Died |
January 31, 1836 Valencia, Carabobo State |
| Allegiance |
 Gran Colombia Venezuela
|
| Years of service | 1819 - 1836 |
| Battles/wars |
Venezuelan War of Independence Revolution of Reforms |
Pedro Carujo (1801–1836) was a Venezuelan journalist and member of the military. He was one of the leaders in the Revolution of Reforms of 1835.
He was the son of Canary José Carujo, realistic official and Venezuelan Juana Hernandez. He received a good education, being one of the few Venezuelans of his time who spoke and wrote English and French. Although born in a home divided over the Royalist and Republican causes, he joined the liberation movement as part of the battalion Orinoco quartered in Angostura (1819). In 1821, he participated under the command of General José Francisco Bermúdez, in the campaigns of Caracas and St. Lucia. With the rank of captain, he distinguished himself in Maracaibo (1823), but was wounded in combat, so he moved to New Granada with the rank of sergeant.
He studied mathematics and analytical geometry under the leadership of the Franciscan friar Tomás Sánchez Mora, and he joined the Freemasons. In 1828, while serving as a General Staff assistant of the department of Cundinamarca, he was promoted to commander and was selected by Simon Bolivar to chair the Military Academy that was founded in Bogotá. In spite of this, he joined the opponents of President Simón Bolívar, who perpetrated the attacks of September 25, 1828 against the Liberator's life.
He was sentenced to death but was saved thanks to a pardon granted by the Council of Ministers, with intervention from Rafael Urdaneta. He was locked in a prison in Bogota, and was then imprisoned in the Castle Bocachica of Cartagena. In March of 1829, he was transferred to Solano castle in The Watcher Puerto Cabello from which he escaped (8/2/1829). However, he was captured soon after and was returned to the fort in a humiliating way.
His time spent in prison advocating for freedom, writing to the general José Antonio Páez and other officials of the regime; to publishing articles and letters in El Fanal newspaper. He was deported to Curaçao in early June 1830, and the general amnesty decreed by Paez 25 in the same month allowed him to return to Venezuela. He went to Maracaibo and organized a militia of 1,000 men, with whom he crossed the border and ventured to Riohacha, who had rebelled against the government of Rafael Urdaneta. In January 1831, in the vicinity of San José and the Mill, he was defeated by the general Jose Felix Blanco, after which he would retire from the army in 1833. Subsequently, he became the spokesman for a group of military and ranchers gathered around the general Santiago Mariño. Carujo fought from the columns of the El republicano newspaper against the presidential candidacy of Dr. José María Vargas, whom he accused of being "realistic and unpatriotic" (1834).
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