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Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta

Count
Patrice de MacMahon
MF, 5 LH, MM
PatriceMacMahon.jpg
Patrice de MacMahon during the Battle of Magenta by Unknown (1870s)
3rd President of France
Co-Prince of Andorra
In office
24 May 1873 – 30 January 1879
Prime Minister Albert de Broglie
Ernest Courtot de Cissey
Louis Buffet
Jules Armand Dufaure
Jules Simon
Albert de Broglie
Gaëtan de Rochebouët
Jules Armand Dufaure
Preceded by Adolphe Thiers
Succeeded by Jules Grévy
General Governor of Algeria
In office
1 September 1864 – 27 July 1870
Monarch Napoleon III
Preceded by Édouard de Martimprey
Succeeded by Louis Durrieu
Member of the French Senate
In office
24 June 1864 – 4 September 1870
Monarch Napoleon III
Personal details
Born (1808-06-13)13 June 1808
Sully, France
Died 17 October 1893(1893-10-17) (aged 85)
Montcresson, France
Nationality French
Political party Miscellaneous Right (Legitimist)
Spouse(s) Élisabeth de La Croix de Castries (m. 1854–93); his death
Children
Eugène

Marie
Education Special Military School of Saint-Cyr
Profession Military officer
Religion Roman Catholicism
Military service
Allegiance Bourbon Restoration/July Monarchy Bourbon Restoration
France Second French Republic
 Second French Empire
Service/branch French Army
Years of service 1827–1873
Rank Captain
Commandant
Lieutenant Colonel
General
Marshal of France
Unit Flag of legion.svg French Foreign Legion
Regimental Lt.Colonel
2nd Foreign Regiment 2èmeRE
(1843-1845)
Commander 1st Army Corps
Army of the Rhin (1870)
Commander-in-Chief
Army of Châlons (1870)
Battles/wars

Conquest of Algeria (1827–1857)

Crimean War (1853–1856)

Franco-Austrian War (1859)

Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871)


Conquest of Algeria (1827–1857)

Crimean War (1853–1856)

Franco-Austrian War (1859)

Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871)

Marshal Marie Esme Patrice Maurice, Count de MacMahon, Duke of Magenta (French pronunciation: ​[patʁis də makma.ɔ̃]; 13 June 1808 – 17 October 1893), was a French general and politician, with the distinction of Marshal of France. He served as Chief of State of France from 1873 to 1875 and as the second president of the Third Republic, from 1875 to 1879.

MacMahon won national renown and the presidency on the basis of his military actions in the war against the Germans. MacMahon was a devout conservative Catholic, a traditionalist who despised socialism and strongly distrusted the secular Republicans. He took very seriously his duty as the neutral guardian of the Constitution and rejected suggestions of a monarchist coup d'état. He also refused to meet with Gambetta, the leader of the Republicans. He moved for a parliamentary system in which the assembly selected the ruling government of the Third Republic, but he also insisted on an upper chamber. He later dissolved the Chamber of Deputies, resulting in public outrage and Republican electoral victory. MacMahon soon resigned and retired to private life.

Patrice de MacMahon (as he was usually known before being elevated to a ducal title in his own right) was born in Sully (near Autun), in the département of Saône-et-Loire. He was the 16th of 17 children of a family already in the French nobility (his grandfather Jean-Baptiste de MacMahon was named Marquis de MacMahon and Marquis d'Eguilly (from his wife Charlotte Le Belin, Dame d' Eguilly) by King Louis XV, and the family in France had decidedly royalist politics).


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