Oregon Trunk Railway

Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway

EMD F3 #801 departing Union Station in Portland, Oregon, 1970
Reporting mark	SPS
Locale	Oregon Washington
Dates of operation	1905–1970
Successor	Burlington Northern Railroad
Track gauge	4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Length	922 miles (1,484 kilometres)
Headquarters	Portland, Oregon

The Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway (SP&S) (reporting mark SPS) was a United States-based railroad incorporated in 1905. It was a joint venture by the Great Northern Railway and the Northern Pacific Railway to build a railroad along the north bank of the Columbia River. Remnants of the line are currently operated by BNSF Railway and the Portland and Western Railroad.

The railroad was chartered in 1905 by James J. Hill to connect the two transcontinental railroads owned by him, the Northern Pacific (NP) and Great Northern (GN), to Portland, Oregon from Spokane, Washington, to gain a portion of the lumber trade in Oregon, a business then dominated by E.H. Harriman's Union Pacific and Southern Pacific railroads. Construction began in 1906 under the name Portland & Seattle Railway, proceeding eastward from Vancouver, Washington. 1906 also saw the start of construction of the line between Vancouver and Portland, including work on three major new bridges, crossing the Columbia River, the Oregon Slough and the Willamette River. The northernmost of these was the first bridge of any kind to be built across the lower Columbia River.