Oneida County, Idaho
| Oneida County, Idaho | ||
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Oneida County Courthouse in Malad City
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 Location in the U.S. state of Idaho |
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 Idaho's location in the U.S. |
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| Founded | January 22, 1864 | |
| Named for | Oneida Lake, New York | |
| Seat | Malad City | |
| Largest city | Malad City | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 1,202 sq mi (3,113 km2) | |
| • Land | 1,200 sq mi (3,108 km2) | |
| • Water | 1.5 sq mi (4 km2), 0.1% | |
| Population | ||
| • (2010) | 4,286 | |
| • Density | 3.6/sq mi (1/km²) | |
| Congressional district | 2nd | |
| Time zone | Mountain: UTC-7/-6 | |
| Website | oneidacountyid |
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Oneida County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 Census the county had a population of 4,286. The county seat and largest city is Malad City. Most of the county's population lives in Malad City and the surrounding Malad Valley.
The county is named for Oneida Lake, New York, the area from which most of the early settlers had emigrated.
Oneida County was organized on January 22, 1864, as the second county organized under Idaho Territory. Its original boundaries were set at the 113th meridian, the Snake River, the 112th Meridian north of the Snake River, the Rocky Mountains, and the southern boundary of Idaho Territory. While older and more populous settlements existed within the boundaries of the new county, the original county seat was established at Soda Springs in present-day Caribou County because those older settlements were believed to be in Utah Territory until the southern boundary of Idaho Territory was surveyed in 1870. The county seat was moved to Malad City in 1866 because of its population growth and location on the freight road and stagecoach line between Corinne, Utah, and the mines in Butte, Montana.
Once among Idaho's largest counties in area and population, a portion was stricken to Dakota Territory in 1864 and additional territory was included in Wyoming Territory at its formation in 1868. Even after Bear Lake County was formed from southeastern Oneida County in 1875, Oneida County managed to be the most populous of Idaho's counties at the 1880 census with a population of 6,964. The county's area was further reduced with the establishment of Bingham County in 1885. A portion was taken to form Franklin and Power counties in 1913.
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