Old St. Mary's Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)
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Old St. Mary's Church, School and Rectory
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Front of the church with its tower
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| Location | 123 E. 13th St., Cincinnati, Ohio |
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| Coordinates | 39°6′34″N 84°30′43″W / 39.10944°N 84.51194°WCoordinates: 39°6′34″N 84°30′43″W / 39.10944°N 84.51194°W |
| Area | 1.9 acres (0.77 ha) |
| Built | 1841 |
| Architect | Franz Ignatz Erd |
| Architectural style | Greek Revival, Late Victorian |
| Part of | Over-the-Rhine Historic District (#83001985) |
| NRHP Reference # | 76001439 |
| Added to NRHP | March 13, 1976 |
Old St. Mary's Church is a parish church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati in the United States. It is located at 123 E. Thirteenth Street in the Over-the-Rhine neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio. This Roman Catholic parish was organized in 1840 by German immigrants, at a time of dramatic growth in the city's population.
Designed in the Greek Revival style by Franz Ignatz Erd, it is the second-oldest German-Catholic parish in the city and the oldest standing church in Cincinnati. The church is 142 feet long, 66 feet wide and with a steeple 170 feet tall. When built, it was the largest church in the Ohio Valley. The original church was dedicated on July 3, 1842.
In 1840, German immigrants were arriving in Cincinnati at the rate of 200 per day. Many of the men donated their own labor to build the church, making the bricks by hand. The number of German immigrants increased in mid-century, with many arriving after the 1848 revolutions in various principalities. The German Catholics built a strong community, with St. Mary's at the heart of it. They also built a parish school and, later, a second school as the number of children increased. In May through August 1849, during the cholera epidemic in Cincinnati, 796 parishioners of St. Mary's died. There were 345 funerals in July.
The term "Old" was added to the name of this church in 1904 after St. Mary's in Hyde Park (Cincinnati) was founded.
The parent parish was Holy Trinity Church (Heilige Dreieinigkeit), which was located at West Fifth Street and Barr Street/Mound Street, in Cincinnati's Old West End. Organized in 1834, Holy Trinity was the first German parish and second Roman Catholic parish in Cincinnati. The Holy Trinity Parish was closed in 1958 because of changing demographics.
The three buildings of the Old St. Mary's parish complex were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. Seven years later, they were among more than two thousand Over-the-Rhine buildings listed on the Register together as contributing to the Over-the-Rhine Historic DistrictHistoric District.
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