Nuri as-Said
| Nuri al-Said | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| 7th Prime Minister of Iraq | |
|
In office 23 March 1930 – 3 November 1932 |
|
| Monarch | Faisal I |
| Preceded by | Naji al-Suwaydi |
| Succeeded by | Naji Shawkat |
|
In office 25 December 1938 – 31 March 1940 |
|
| Monarch |
Ghazi I Faisal II Prince Abdullah (Regent) |
| Preceded by | Jamil al-Midfai |
| Succeeded by | Rashid Ali al-Gaylani |
|
In office 10 October 1941 – 4 June 1944 |
|
| Monarch |
Faisal II Prince Abdullah (Regent) |
| Preceded by | Hamdi al-Pachachi |
| Succeeded by | Jamil al-Midfai |
|
In office 21 November 1946 – 29 March 1947 |
|
| Monarch |
Faisal II Prince Abdullah (Regent) |
| Preceded by | Arshad al-Umari |
| Succeeded by | Sayyid Salih Jabr |
|
In office 6 January 1949 – 10 December 1949 |
|
| Monarch |
Faisal II Prince Abdullah (Regent) |
| Preceded by | Muzahim al-Pachachi |
| Succeeded by | Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi |
|
In office 15 September 1950 – 12 July 1952 |
|
| Monarch |
Faisal II Prince Abdullah (Regent) |
| Preceded by | Tawfiq al-Suwaidi |
| Succeeded by | Mustafa Mahmud al-Umari |
|
In office 4 August 1954 – 20 June 1957 |
|
| Monarch | Faisal II |
| Preceded by | Arshad al-Umari |
| Succeeded by | Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi |
|
In office 3 March 1958 – 18 May 1958 |
|
| Monarch | Faisal II |
| Preceded by | Abdul-Wahab Mirjan |
| Succeeded by | Ahmad Mukhtar Baban |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Nuri Pasha al-Said 1888 Baghdad, Baghdad Vilayet, Ottoman Empire |
| Died | 15 July, 1958 (aged 69–70) |
| Political party | Covenant Party |
| Religion | Islam (Sunni) |
Nuri Pasha al-Said (1888 – 15 July 1958) (Arabic: نوري السعيد) was an Iraqi politician during the British Mandate of Iraq and the Kingdom of Iraq. He held various key cabinet positions and served fourteen terms as Prime Minister of Iraq.
From his first appointment as prime minister under the British mandate in 1930, Nuri was a major political figure in Iraq under the monarchy. During his many terms in office, he was involved in some of the key policy decisions that shaped the modern Iraqi state. In 1930, during his first term, he signed the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty, which, as a step toward greater independence, granted Britain the unlimited right to station its armed forces in and transit military units through Iraq and also gave legitimacy to British control of the country's oil industry.
The treaty nominally reduced British involvement in Iraq's internal affairs but only to the extent that Iraq did not conflict with British economic or military interests. The agreement led the way to nominal independence, as the Mandate ended in 1932. Throughout most of his career, Nuri was a supporter of a continued and extensive British role within Iraq, which was against the popular mood.
Nuri was a controversial figure with many enemies and had to flee Iraq twice after coups. At the overthrow of the monarchy in 1958, he was very unpopular. His policies, regarded as pro-British, were believed to have failed in adapting to the country's changed social circumstances. Poverty and social injustice were widespread, and Nuri had become a symbol of a regime that failed to address the issues, choosing a course of repression instead, to protect the interests of the well off.
On 15 July 1958, the day after the revolution, he attempted to flee the country disguised as a woman but was captured and killed.
He was born in Baghdad to an Arab lower middle class Sunni Muslim family of North Caucasian origin. His father was a minor government accountant. Nuri graduated from a military college in Istanbul in 1906, trained at the staff college there in 1911 as an officer in the Ottoman army and was among the officers dispatched to Ottoman Tripolitania in 1912 to resist the Italian occupation of that province. He was an elusive guerrilla leader, with Jaafar Pasha, against the British in Libya in 1915. After being captured and held prisoner by the British in Egypt, he and Jaafar were converted to the Arab nationalist cause and fought in the Arab Revolt under Emir Faisal ibn Hussein of the Hijaz, who would later reign briefly as king of Syria before he became king of Iraq. On one operation Nuri rode with Lawrence of Arabia and his British army driver as crew of a Rolls-Royce armoured car. Like other Iraqi officers who had served under Faisal, he went on to emerge as part of a new political elite.
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Wikipedia