Anglo-Iraqi Treaty (1930)

The Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930 was a treaty of alliance between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the British-Mandate-controlled administration of the Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq. The treaty was between the governments of George V of the United Kingdom and Faisal I of Iraq. High Commissioner Francis Humphrys signed for the United Kingdom and Prime Minister Nuri as-Said signed for Iraq. The 1930 treaty was based upon an earlier Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1922 but took into account Iraq's increased importance to British interests given new oil finds made in 1927.

During the Mesopotamian Campaign of World War I, armed forces of the United Kingdom, fighting for the Allies, defeated the forces of the Ottoman Empire, fighting for the Central Powers. After the war ended, armed forces of the United Kingdom remained in the area that was to become the Kingdom of Iraq. In 1920, after the Ottoman Empire was partitioned, the United Kingdom formally occupied what was to become Iraq under a mandate from the League of Nations.

The Kingdom of Iraq began with the coronation of King Faisal I on 23 August 1921. The 1930 treaty provided a path towards nominal independence for Iraq two years later at the termination of the mandate and upon the entry of Iraq itself as a member of the League of Nations. The main purpose of the treaty was to give the British a variety of commercial and military rights within the country after independence.

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