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Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi

Ali Jawdat al-Ayubi
Ali Al-Ayoubi.jpg
11th Prime Minister of Iraq
In office
27 August 1934 – 4 March 1935
Monarch Ghazi I
Preceded by Jamil al-Midfai
Succeeded by Jamil al-Midfai
In office
10 December 1949 – 5 February 1950
Monarch Faisal II
Prince Abdullah (Regent)
Preceded by Nuri al-Said
Succeeded by Tawfiq al-Suwaidi
In office
20 June 1957 – 15 December 1957
Monarch Faisal II
Preceded by Nuri al-Said
Succeeded by Abdul-Wahab Mirjan
Personal details
Born 1886
Mosul, Ottoman Empire
Died March 3, 1969(1969-03-03) (aged 82–83)
Beirut, Lebanon
Nationality Iraqi
Spouse(s) Nazik Tahseen
Children Three: Nizar, Selwa and Nameer
Occupation Statesman and Diplomat

Ali Jawdat al-Ayubi (Arabic: علي جودت الأيوبي; l886-March 3, 1969) was Prime Minister of Iraq 1934–1935, 1949–1950, 1957.

Ali Jawdat Al-Ayubi was born in Mosul in 1886 while Iraq was under Ottoman rule. His father served as a police sergeant, and upon retirement owned a grocery store. At a young age, Ali was dispatched by his parents from Mosul on a ten-day boat trip to Baghdad, where he stayed in the care of an aunt and attended the Rashidiyeh military school. Upon graduation, he went by camel and ship to Istanbul where he attended the Military College with other Iraqis, including Jaafar al-Askari, Nuri al-Said, Jamil al-Madfai and Yaseen al-Hashimi. With these latter, he fought during the First World War throughout the Arab lands for independence from Ottoman rule. Upon establishment in 1921 of the Kingdom of Iraq, with King Feisal the First as its ruler, each served in turn in positions of leadership. Ali Jawdat served as Military Governor for Aleppo and Homs, during the short-lived tenure of the first Arab kingdom in Syria, under King Faisal, and thereafter served in turn as Governor of Hilla, Nejef, Kerbela, Mosul, Diyala, and Basra and variously as Minister of Finance, Minister of the Interior, Foreign Minister and Iraqi Ambassador to the Court of St. James, France and Washington, where he established the first Iraqi embassy in the US. He served three times as Prime Minister (1934, 1949 and 1957), successively under King Faisal the First, King Ghazi the First and King Faisal the Second.

The name “Jawdat” was given to him by his teachers and colleagues, and it means “quality” in Arabic. An ardent Arab nationalist, he espoused an inclusionary, non-sectarian vision of Iraq, encompassing its various ethnicities, sects and tribes. He strove to achieve greater autonomy from the influence of Great Britain, as embodied principally in the acquiescent behavior of the Regent, Abdul Ilah and occasionally of his friend Nuri Al Said, and once resigned as Finance Minister in Nuri Pasha's cabinet in protest at a treaty of cooperation with Great Britain to which Nuri agreed.

The Iraqi monarchy, represented by King Feisal the Second, was toppled in 1958 in a bloody coup led by Abdel Karim Qasim, driven by months of intensive radio propaganda by Egyptian President Nasser’s Voice of the Arabs. Ali Jawdat survived this coup, but Nuri al-Said and other leaders did not.

While Military Governor of Aleppo and Homs in 1919, he met and married Nazik Tahseen, and they had three children, Nizar, Selwa and Nameer. Ali Jawdat lived simply and modestly, and was recognized for his integrity, courage and dedication to Arab nationalism. He died in Beirut on March 3, 1969, shortly after completing his memoire.


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