Nikolay Muravyov-Amursky
| Nikolay Muravyov-Amursky | |
|---|---|
Nikolay Muravyov-Amursky (1863);
portrait by Konstantin Makovsky |
|
| Born |
August 23, 1809 St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Died | November 30, 1881 (aged 72) Paris, France |
| Allegiance |
 Russian Empire
|
| Service/branch | Imperial Russian Army |
| Years of service | 1827–1861 |
| Rank | General of the Infantry |
| Battles/wars |
Caucasian War Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829) November Uprising Crimean War |
| Awards |
Order of St. George Order of St. Vladimir |
Nikolay Nikolayevich Muravyov-Amursky (also spelled as Nikolai Nikolaevich Muraviev-Amurskiy; Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Муравьёв-Аму́рский; August 23 [O.S. August 11] 1809 —November 30 [O.S. November 18] 1881) was a Russian statesman and diplomat, who played a major role in the expansion of the Russian Empire into the Amur River basin and to the shores of the Sea of Japan.
The surname Muravyov has also been transcribed as Muravyev or Murav'ev.
Nikolay Muravyov was born in St. Petersburg. He graduated from the Page Corps in 1827. He participated in the Siege of Varna in the Russo-Turkish War in 1828–1829, and later in suppression of the November Uprising in Poland in 1831. Due to health reasons, he retired from the military in 1833 and returned home to manage his father's estate. However, he returned to active duty in 1838, as General Golovin's aide-de-camp, to serve in the Caucasus region. During one of the campaigns against the mountain people Muravyov was wounded.
In 1840, Muravyov was assigned to command one of the sections of the Black Sea coast defense lines, during which time he participated in the suppression of the Ubykh people.
Muravyov was promoted in rank to major-general in 1841, but had to permanently retire from the military due to illness. He transferred to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and was appointed as an acting military and civil governor of Tula province in 1846. Eager in his willingness to improve the province's state of affairs, he proposed to establish the governorate agricultural society. Muravyov was the first governor to propose Tsar Nicholas I to abolish serfdom; a motion signed by nine local land-owners. While the tsar did nothing about the petition, from then on he always referred to Muravyov as a "liberal" and a "democrat".
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