Newfoundland Island
| Nickname: "The Rock" | |
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The Humber River on Newfoundland island on an October 2007 autumn day
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Newfoundland (island)
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| Geography | |
| Location | Atlantic Ocean |
| Coordinates | 49°N 56°W / 49°N 56°W |
| Area | 108,860 km2 (42,030 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 16th |
| Coastline | 9,656 km (6,000 mi) |
| Highest elevation | 814 m (2,671 ft) |
| Highest point | The Cabox |
| Administration | |
| Province | Newfoundland and Labrador |
| Largest settlement | St. John's (pop. 200,600) |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 479,105 (2006) |
| Pop. density | 4.30 /km2 (11.14 /sq mi) |
| Ethnic groups | English, Irish, French, Scottish and Mi'kmaq |
| Additional information | |
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Longest River: Exploits River (246 kilometres (153 mi)) Seat of Government: Government of Newfoundland and Labrador <https://www.gov.nl.ca> Members of the Canadian House of Commons: 6 (of 7 in NL and 308 total) Members of the Canadian Senate: 6 (of 6 in NL and 105 total) Members of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly: 44 (of 48 total)  Newfoundland Tricolour Unofficial flag of Newfoundland  Flag of Newfoundland and Labrador Flag of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador (1980 to present) |
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Newfoundland (/njuːfənˈlænd/ new-fən-LAND;French: Terre-Neuve) is a large Canadian island off the east coast of the North American mainland, and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It has 29 percent of the province's land area. The island is separated from the Labrador Peninsula by the Strait of Belle Isle and from Cape Breton Island by the Cabot Strait. It blocks the mouth of the Saint Lawrence River, creating the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, the world's largest estuary. Newfoundland's nearest neighbour is the French overseas community of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon.
With an area of 108,860 square kilometres (42,031 sq mi), Newfoundland is the world's 16th-largest island, Canada's fourth-largest island, and the largest Canadian island outside the North. The provincial capital, St. John's, is located on the southeastern coast of the island; Cape Spear, just south of the capital, is the easternmost point of North America, excluding Greenland. It is common to consider all directly neighbouring islands such as New World, Twillingate, Fogo and Bell Island to be 'part of Newfoundland' (as distinct from Labrador). By that classification, Newfoundland and its associated small islands have a total area of 111,390 square kilometres (43,008 sq mi).
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