Northern Canada

Northern Canada, colloquially the North, is the vast northernmost region of Canada variously defined by geography and politics. Politically, the term refers to three territories of Canada: Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. Similarly, the Far North (when contrasted to the North) may refer to the Canadian Arctic: the portion of Canada north of the Arctic Circle and lies east of Alaska and west of Greenland. For some purposes, Northern Canada may also include Northern Quebec and Northern Labrador.

These reckonings somewhat depend on the arbitrary concept of nordicity, a measure of so-called "northernness" that other Arctic territories share. Canada is the northernmost country in the Americas (excluding the neighbouring Danish Arctic territory of Greenland which extends slightly further north) and roughly 80% of its 35 million inhabitants are concentrated along its southern border with the United States. Combined with the fact that nearly all of the country experiences severely cold winters (except the maritime-influenced climate found in areas like coastal British Columbia and Vancouver Island) along with short and relatively cool summers, Canada is popularly said to not have a South. Due to the southerly concentration of its population along the border and the heavily intertwined economies and cultures between Canada and the United States, many view the U.S. to be Canada's "South". Southern Canada is therefore considered to be a region only when it is contrasted against or viewed from the North.

As a social rather than political region, the Canadian north is often subdivided into two distinct regions based on climate, the near north and the far north. The different climates of these two regions result in vastly different vegetation, and therefore very different economies, settlement patterns, and histories.

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