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Neunkirch

Neunkirch
Neunkirch 162.JPG
Coat of arms of Neunkirch
Coat of arms
Neunkirch is located in Switzerland
Neunkirch
Neunkirch
Coordinates: 47°41′N 8°29′E / 47.683°N 8.483°E / 47.683; 8.483Coordinates: 47°41′N 8°29′E / 47.683°N 8.483°E / 47.683; 8.483
Country Switzerland
Canton Schaffhausen
District n.a.
Area
 • Total 17.92 km2 (6.92 sq mi)
Elevation 429 m (1,407 ft)
Population (Dec 2015)
 • Total 2,086
 • Density 120/km2 (300/sq mi)
Postal code 8213
SFOS number 2904
Surrounded by Gächlingen, Guntmadingen, Hallau, Jestetten (DE-BW), Löhningen, Oberhallau, Siblingen, Wilchingen
Website www.neunkirch.ch
Profile (German), SFSO statistics

Neunkirch is a municipality in the canton of Schaffhausen in Switzerland. It is set in the south of the mountains called Randen.

The first documentary record of Neunkirch is in 850; the town is called Niuchilchun. It is Old High German and means new church. This name varies several times during the ages. Versions are known such as Nuinchilchen, Niuchilchen and Nüwenkilch. Some 17th-century documents mention Nükilch or Nünkilch.

The name was finally fixed as Neunkirch because it belonged to the Bishopric of Constance, whose diocese already included a town called Niuchilchun or Neukirch. To avoid confusion with this town, the names were made different.

Neunkirch was mentioned first in a deed of gift to the Rheinau Abbey on a Sunday 21 September in the reign of Louis the German. An exact year is not mentioned. Researches show, that 21 September was a Sunday only in 850, 861, 867 and 872. A commission decided in 1901, that the first year, 850, should officially be taken as the first date Neunkirch was mentioned in.

The document itself doesn't exist anymore, but there is a copy in the public record office of Zürich.

We know from 1150 that the bishop of Konstanz owned the church and a house. In 1260 the bishop bought the majority of land in Neunkirch as well as the low and high justice.

At the end of this century Neunkirch was destroyed; perhaps by war or fire. Afterwards the bishop reconstructed Neunkirch with a plan which had, and still has, a geometrical form. It is a rectangle with four straight streets. The houses are protected by two walls with an open space between. In front of the wall was a ditch partially filled with water.

For 250 years Neunkirch had belonged to the Bishopric of Constance till in 1525 the bishop sold his rights of the low and high justice to Schaffhausen for 8500 guilder.


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