Nürburg
| Nürburg | ||
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 Nürburg
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Location of Nürburg within Ahrweiler district
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| Coordinates: 50°20′32″N 6°57′8″E / 50.34222°N 6.95222°ECoordinates: 50°20′32″N 6°57′8″E / 50.34222°N 6.95222°E | ||
| Country | Germany | |
| State | Rhineland-Palatinate | |
| District | Ahrweiler | |
| Municipal assoc. | Adenau | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Reinhold Schüssler | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 3.63 km2 (1.40 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 539 m (1,768 ft) | |
| Population (2015-12-31) | ||
| • Total | 176 | |
| • Density | 48/km2 (130/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) | |
| Postal codes | 53520 | |
| Dialling codes | 02691 | |
| Vehicle registration | AW | |
| Website | www |
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| County of Nürburg | ||||||||||
| Grafschaft Nürburg | ||||||||||
| State of the Holy Roman Empire | ||||||||||
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| Capital | Nürburg | |||||||||
| Government | Principality | |||||||||
| Historical era | Middle Ages | |||||||||
| • | Death of Theoderich I, Count of Are |
1132 |
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| • | Established | 1144 | ||||||||
| • | Annexed to Neuenahr | 1225 | ||||||||
| • | Bequeathed to Abp Cologne |
1246 |
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| Today part of |
 Germany
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Nürburg (German pronunciation: [ˈnʏɐ̯bʊɐ̯k]) is a town in the German district of Ahrweiler, in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is also the name of the local castle, Nürburg Castle, which was built in the High Middle Ages. The name is derived from the Latin word "niger" which means 'black' (cf. French "noir" meaning the same), and burg which means "castle". The castle is made of basalt which usually has black color. The town is best known for its famous 24 kilometer race track, the Nürburgring. Five kilometers (3.1 miles) of the track are used for a Formula One grand prix.
The Nürburg rises above the village of the same name on the second-highest hill in the Eifel (678 metres or 2,224 feet). The castle and hill are regarded as a characteristic feature of the Eifel. Even though it is one of the most significant castles in the Eifel, it nevertheless still needs to be researched in full. There are almost no written sources relating to the history of the castle's construction in the Middle Ages. The hill is referred to in documentary evidence in AD 954 by the name mone nore, which means black hill. In descriptions of boundaries which served to clarify which property belonged to whom, it was used as a significant reference marker. The name Nürburg is thought to derive from mons nore, as the color of the volcanic basalt used to build the castle exhibits an unusually dark color.
The Nürburg is considered to be the "highest castle in Rhineland-Pfalz", and on a clear day, the spires of the Cologne Cathedral may be seen.
The history of when the Nürburg was established has not been definitively clarified. There is no evidence to suggest that it was built instead of a Roman fort, the commonly held view in the local area. Discoveries of Roman coins do not constitute sufficient evidence. Owing to a similarity between names, one legend even traces the Nürburg back to a fort established by Emperor Nero. Among other things, archaeological barrows attest to the fact that the area surrounding the castle was populated in early historical times. However, there are no indications that the castle hill was once home to a refuge or prehistoric walled fortification, as is occasionally thought.
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Wikipedia