Muhammad ibn Rustam Dushmanziyar
| Muhammad ibn Rustam Dushmanziyar | |
|---|---|
| Emir of the Kakuyid dynasty | |
 |
|
| Reign | 1008 – September 1041 |
| Successor |
Faramurz (Isfahan) Garshasp I (Hamadan) |
| Born | 10th-century Iran |
| Died | September 1041 Jibal |
| House | Kakuyid |
| Father | Rustam Dushmanziyar |
| Religion | Shia Islam |
Muhammad ibn Rustam Dushmanziyar (Persian: ابوجعفر دشمنزیار), also known by his laqab of Ala al-Dawla Muhammad (علاء الدوله محمد), was a Daylamite military commander who founded in 1008 the short-lived but important independent Kakuyid dynasty in Jibal. He is also known as Pusar-i Kaku, Ibn Kakuyeh, Ibn Kakuya, and Ibn Kaku, which means maternal uncle in the Deylami language, and is related to the Persian word "kaka". Muhammad died in September 1041 after having carving out a powerful kingdom which included western Persia and Jibal. However, these gains were quickly lost under his successors.
Rustam Dushmanziyar, the father of Muhammad, was a Daylamite soldier in the service of Buyids and was rewarded with land in Alborz in appreciation of his services. His duty was to protect Ray and northern Jibal against the local leaders from Tabaristan. Rustam was the brother of the Bavandid princess Sayyida Shirin, the mother of Buyid emir Majd al-Dawla and Shams al-Dawla. Both were under the tutelage of their mother Khatun until her death in 1029.
Given these family ties, it is not surprising that from 1007 to 1008 Muhammad was the governor of Isfahan on behalf of the Buyids. Some sources say he was already in governor of the city in 1003. In 1016, the Daylamite military officer Ibn Fuladh expelled Muhammad from Isfahan, but he shortly managed to regain control of the city. The fragility of Majd al-Dawla's kingdom later encouraged Muhammad to extend his domains in the Kurdish held mountains of Iran. In 1023, Muhammad seized Hamadan from the Buyid ruler Sama' al-Dawla, and then proceeded to capture Dinavar and Shapur-Khwast from Kurdish leaders. He spent the following years in protecting his realm from invasions by the Kurds and princes (ispahbadh) from Tabaristan.
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