Muhammad al-Faqih Muqaddam
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Imam Muhammad ibn Ali al-Faqih Muqaddam محمّد الفقيه المقدم |
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|---|---|
| Native name | محمد |
| Born |
Muhammad 574 H / 1178 CE Tarim, Hadramaut, Yemen |
| Died | 1232 (aged 53–54) Tarim |
| Resting place | Zanbal, Hadramaut |
| Residence | Tarim |
| Nationality | Yemenite |
| Citizenship | |
| Occupation | Islamic scholar, Sufi |
| Known for | Founder of Ba 'Alawiyya sufi order |
| Title | Imam |
| Spouse(s) | Zaynab bint Khuzayma |
| Children | Alwi al-Ghoyur, Ali, Ahmad, Abdullah, Abdel Rahman |
| Parent(s) | Ali (father) |
Muhammad al-Faqih al-Muqaddam (Arabic: محمد الفقيه المقدم, Arabic pronunciation: [muˈħammɑd al-faˈqiːh al-ˈmuqaddam]; 574 H - 653 H or 1178 CE - 1232 CE) is known as the founder of Ba 'Alawiyya Sufi order which has influenced Sufism in Yemen, Pakistan, India and Southeast Asia. He is the only son of Ali son of Muhammad Sahib Mirbath whom all 75 families of Ba 'Alawi sada that spread out from Yemen to Southeast Asia are rooted.
The Title al-Faqih was given because he was a great teacher who mastered a lot of religious sciences, including the science of jurisprudence. One of his teachers, Ali Bamarwan said that he mastered the science of jurisprudence as great as the former scholar Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Shafi'i Furak who died in 406 H.
While the title al-Muqaddam means he is the foremost. In this case, Muhammad ibn Ali throughout his life was always given precedence. His grave located in Zanbal [1] in Hadramaut is frequently visited by Muslims often before they visit other religious sites in Yemen.
Muhammad was born in Tarim, Yemen. His lineage is
Muhammad grew up in an environment of knowledge and righteousness, memorizing the Qur'an and mastering the sciences of the Sacred Law in his youth. He studied until became a Mujtahid. He taught and fasted in the daytime, while in the night he spent his nights in one of the caves being busy in meditation in Nu'ayr Valley outside Tarim.
Muhammad was the founder of Ba 'Alawiyya tariqa (Sufi order) and the first who introduce Sufism in Yemen. He received his Ijazah from Abu Madyan through one of his prominent students, Abd al-Rahman bin Ahmad al-Hadhrami al-Maghribi (he died before reaching Hadramaut, but it was continued by another Moroccan Sufi he met in Mecca). However, Muhammad al-Faqih did not follow fully Abu Madyan's tariqa, but he combined it with the teachings of his forefathers and the tariqa of Abdul-Qadir Gilani.
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Wikipedia