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Muawiya I

Muʿāwiyah ibn ʾAbī Sufyān
Amir Muawiya Calligraphy
Muʿāwiyah ibn ʾAbī Sufyān
1st Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate
Reign 661–680
Predecessor (Hasan ibn Ali)
Successor Yazīd ibn Mu‘āwiya
Governor of the Levant
Reign 639-661
Predecessor Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah
Successor Al-Dahhak ibn Qays al-Fihri
Born 602 CE
Mecca, Arabia
Died 22 Rajab60 AH
April 29 or May 1, 680 (aged 77–78)
Damascus, Syria
Burial Damascus, Syria
Issue Yazīd ibn Mu‘āwiya (son)
Full name
Muʿāwiyah ibn ʾAbī Ṣufyān
(معاوية ابن أبي سفيان)
House Sufyanid
Dynasty Umayyad
Father Abu Sufyan ibn Harb
Mother

Hind bint Utbah

Son Yazid I
Religion Islam
Full name
Muʿāwiyah ibn ʾAbī Ṣufyān
(معاوية ابن أبي سفيان)

Hind bint Utbah

Muawiyah I (Arabic: معاوية بن أبي سفيان‎, translit. Muʿāwiyah ibn ʾAbī Ṣufyān‎; 602 – April 29 or May 1, 680) established the Umayyad Dynasty of the caliphate, and was the second caliph from the Umayyad clan, the first being Uthman ibn Affan. During the first and second caliphates of Abu Bakr and Umar (Umar ibn al-Khattab), he fought with the Muslims against the Byzantines in Syria.

To stop the Byzantine harassment from the sea, Muawiyah developed a navy in the Levant and used it to confront the Byzantine Empire in the Aegean Sea and the Sea of Marmara. The Caliphate conquered several territories including Cyzicus which were subsequently used as naval bases.

Muawiyah bin Abi-Sufyan was born in Mecca to Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and Hind bint Utbah (601 CE) into the Banu Umayya sub-clan of the Banu Abd-Shams clan of the Quraysh tribe. The Quraysh controlled the city of Mecca (in the west of present-day Saudi Arabia) and the Banu Abd-Shams were among the most influential of its citizens.The meaning of Muawiyah in Arabic is "strength of the arms". His father Abu-Sufyan struggled against Islam until Muhammad's army entered Mecca in 630.


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