Mouzinho da Silveira
| Mouzinho da Silveira | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Monarch | |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
José Xavier Mouzinho da Silveira July 12, 1780 Castelo de Vide, Portugal |
| Died | April 4, 1849 (aged 68) Lisbon, Portugal |
| Citizenship | Kingdom of Portugal |
| Nationality | Portuguese |
| Political party | Chartist |
José Xavier Mouzinho da Silveira (12 July 1780 in Castelo de Vide – 4 April 1849 in Lisbon) was a statesman, jurist and Portuguese politician, as well as one of the most important personalities of the Liberal Revolution of 1820, responsible for legislation and administrative reforms that shaped Portuguese institutions, taxation and justice in the period after the Constitutional Charter. Imprisoned after the Abrilada, he turned one of the most uncompromising defenders of the Charter, remaining in exile for several years after 1828, and only returning in 1834 to defend his legislative agenda, exiling himself once again in 1836. In the final ten years of his life, Mouzinho da Silveira retired from public life, before his untimely death.
Mouzinho da Silveira was born on 12 July 1780, in Castelo de Vide, son of a wealthy rural property-owner. After learning arithmetic, Latin and Greek, he departed for Porto in October 1796, where he remained until June of the following year, taking preparatory classes for Law classes (which he registered for in October 1797). He completed his studies on 19 July 1802.
Following the death of his father, in May 1799, he assumed the head of the household, obtaining financial independence. Mouzinho maintained, ever the frugal man, copious registers of his receipts and personal expenses, including them later in his autobiography. He returned to Castelo de Vide where, between 1803 and 1804, he occupied his time with tasks associated with the family estate, especially after the death of his maternal grandmother. At the end of 1804, he left for Lisbon where spent his time at the royal court until 1807, an obligation of his family’s position. He was present in Lisbon at the arrival of French troops, under the command of Junot (in November 1807), during the first French Invasion of Portugal.
Completing the obligations that brought him to Lisbon, Mouzinho da Silveira opted not to return to Castelo de Vide and join the magisterium (the legal body of Portuguese magistrates). He took office on 1 March 1809, as a juiz de fora (itinerant judge) for Marvão, a place where he had lived for three years previous (preparing the defenses during the Napoleonic invasion). At the end of his mandate, he returned to Lisbon (on 15 October 1812), before once again heading out, this time for Castelo Branco, where he occupied the post from 29 May 1813 to 22 November 1816. Returning to Lisbon, Mouzinho was named Provedor of the comarca for Portalegre, arriving on 21 January 1817, taking-up his position on 5 March and occupying the post until 2 January 1821.
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