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Mitterrand

François Mitterrand
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1988-0108-059, Paris, Besuch Erich Honecker, Mitterrand (cropped).jpg
President of France
In office
21 May 1981 – 17 May 1995
Prime Minister Pierre Mauroy
Laurent Fabius
Jacques Chirac
Michel Rocard
Édith Cresson
Pierre Bérégovoy
Édouard Balladur
Preceded by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Succeeded by Jacques Chirac
Co-Prince of Andorra
In office
21 May 1981 – 17 May 1995
Prime Minister Òscar Ribas Reig
Josep Pintat-Solans
Òscar Ribas Reig
Marc Forné Molné
Served with Joan Martí Alanis
Representative Jean-Yves Caullet
Preceded by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Succeeded by Jacques Chirac
First Secretary of the Socialist Party
In office
16 June 1971 – 24 January 1981
Preceded by Alain Savary
Succeeded by Lionel Jospin
Minister of Justice
In office
31 January 1956 – 12 June 1957
Prime Minister Guy Mollet
Preceded by Robert Schuman
Succeeded by Edouard Corniglion-Molinier
Minister of the Interior
In office
19 June 1954 – 23 February 1955
Prime Minister Pierre Mendès-France
Preceded by Léon Martinaud-Deplat
Succeeded by Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury
Minister-Delegate to the Council of Europe
In office
28 June 1953 – 4 September 1953
Prime Minister Joseph Laniel
Preceded by Pierre Pflimlin (1952)
Succeeded by Edgar Faure (1958)
Minister of Overseas France
In office
12 July 1950 – 15 August 1951
Prime Minister René Pleven
Henri Queuille
Preceded by Paul Coste-Floret
Succeeded by Louis Jacquinot
Minister of Veterans and War Victims
In office
24 November 1947 – 19 July 1948
Prime Minister Robert Schuman
Preceded by Daniel Mayer
Succeeded by André Maroselli
In office
22 January 1947 – 21 October 1947
Prime Minister Robert Schuman
Preceded by Max Lejeune
Succeeded by Daniel Mayer
Personal details
Born François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand
(1916-10-26)26 October 1916
Jarnac, France
Died 8 January 1996(1996-01-08) (aged 79)
Paris, France
Resting place Cimetiere des Grands-Maisons
Jarnac, France
Political party Cross of Fire (Before 1936)
Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance (1945–1964)
Convention of Republican Institutions (1964–1971)
Socialist Party (1971–1996)
Spouse(s) Danielle Gouze
(m. 1944; his death 1996)
Children 4, including Jean-Christophe and Mazarine Pingeot Mitterrand
Relatives Frédéric Mitterrand (nephew)
Alma mater University of Paris
Sciences Po
Signature
Website Mitterrand Institute
Military service
Allegiance  France
Service/branch French Army
Years of service 1939–1941

François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (French: [fʁɑ̃swa mɔʁis mitɛʁɑ̃]; 26 October 1916 – 8 January 1996) was a French statesman who was President of France from 1981 to 1995, the longest time in office of any French president. As leader of the Socialist Party, he was the first figure from the left elected president under the Fifth Republic.

Reflecting family influences, Mitterrand started political life on the Catholic nationalist right. He served under the Vichy Regime in its earlier years. Subsequently he joined the Resistance, moved to the left, and held ministerial office several times under the Fourth Republic. He opposed de Gaulle's establishment of the Fifth Republic. Although at times a politically isolated figure, Mitterrand outmaneuvered rivals to become the left's standard bearer in every presidential election from 1965 to 1988, except 1969. Elected President in the May 1981 presidential election, he was re-elected in 1988 and held office until 1995.

Mitterrand invited the Communist Party into his first government, a controversial move at the time. In the event, the Communists were boxed in as junior partners and, rather than taking advantage, saw their support erode. They left the cabinet in 1984. Early in his first term, Mitterrand followed a radical economic program, including nationalization of key firms, but after two years, with the economy in crisis, he reversed course. His foreign and defense policies built on those of his Gaullist predecessors. His partnership with German Chancellor Helmut Kohl advanced European integration via the Maastricht Treaty, but he accepted German reunification only reluctantly. During his time in office he was a strong promoter of culture and implemented a range of costly "Grands Projets". He was twice forced by the loss of a parliamentary majority into "cohabitation governments" with conservative cabinets led, respectively, by Jacques Chirac (1986–1988), and Édouard Balladur (1993–1995). Less than eight months after leaving office, Mitterrand died from the prostate cancer he had successfully concealed for most of his presidency.


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