Min Phalaung
| Min Phalaung မင်းဖလောင်း Sikandar Shah |
|
|---|---|
| King of Arakan | |
| Reign | 7 February 1572 – 4 July [O.S. 24 June] 1593 |
| Predecessor | Sekkya |
| Successor | Raza II |
| Chief Minister | Maha Pyinnya Kyaw |
| Born | 27 February 1535 Saturday, 10th waning of Tabaung 896 ME Mrauk-U |
| Died | 4 July 1593 (aged 58) Sunday, 6th waxing of Waso 955 ME Mrauk-U |
| Consort | Saw Mi Taw (Chief queen) Saw Thanda Saw Latt Saw Oo |
| Issue |
Raza II Thado Minsaw Kinzana Dewi (daughter) Shin Ma (daughter) Salat Dewi (daughter) |
| Father | Min Bin |
| Mother | Saw Shin |
| Religion | Theravada Buddhism |
Min Phalaung (Burmese: မင်းဖလောင်း, Burmese pronunciation: [mɪ́ɴ pʰəláʊɴ]; also spelled Min Hpalaung; 27 February 1535 – 4 July [O.S. 24 June] 1593) was king of Arakan from 1572 to 1593. He presided over the continued rise of Arakan, begun under his father King Min Bin. He extended his realm to Tripura (1575) and northern Bengal (1586–1587), and withstood a major invasion by Toungoo Burma (1580–1581). He completely stayed out of the chaos in Toungoo Burma in the following years. Phalaung left a prosperous and confident kingdom to his son Raza II, who succeeded him in 1593.
Min Phalaung was born to King Min Bin and Queen Saw Shin of Mrauk-U on 27 February 1535 (Saturday, 10th waning of Tabaung 896 ME). His birth name was Phwa-Daw Htwe (ဖွားတော်ထွေး, Burmese pronunciation: [pʰwá dɔ̀ tʰwé]; "Royal Youngest Birth") as he was the youngest child of the king. Because he was born during the raid on Mrauk-U by the Portuguese, called "Phalaung" in Arakanese, the young prince became known by the nickname Min Phalaung ("Prince Portuguese"). He was given the town of Sittantin (စစ်တံတင်) in fief. He grew up at a time when his father was turning the coastal kingdom into a major regional power. In 1546–1547, the young prince, not yet 12 years old, was given the command of an army battalion to battle the invading Toungoo armies. He was married to his half-sister Saw Mi Taw, whose mother was a granddaughter of King Khayi (r. 1433–1459), by their father.
After Min Bin died in 1554, he remained governor of Sittantin, loyally serving under his half-brother Dikkha (r. 1554–1556), his paternal nephews King Saw Hla (r. 1556–1564) and King Sekkya (r. 1564–1572). In 1572, King Sekkya suddenly died, and the court chose Phalaung as king. At the coronation ceremony, Phalaung, who was styled as Sikandar Shah, the Sultan of Bengal, took Sekkya's daughter Saw Shin Latt (his first cousin, twice removed) as queen. He also married Saw Thanda, who had been queen of the previous three kings including his father. He made his eldest son Thado Dhamma Raza his heir-apparent, and his second son the chief of the armed forces.
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