Mazingarbe

Mazingarbe
Road to Lens with a slag heap in the background
Mazingarbe
Location within Hauts-de-France region  Mazingarbe
Coordinates: 50°28′26″N 2°43′09″E / 50.4739°N 2.7192°E / 50.4739; 2.7192Coordinates: 50°28′26″N 2°43′09″E / 50.4739°N 2.7192°E / 50.4739; 2.7192
Country	France
Region	Hauts-de-France
Department	Pas-de-Calais
Arrondissement	Lens
Canton	Bully-les-Mines
Intercommunality	Communaupole de Lens-Liévin
Government
• Mayor (2008–2014)	Bernard Urbaniak
Area1	10.27 km2 (3.97 sq mi)
Population (2006)2	7,564
• Density	740/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
INSEE/Postal code	62563 / 62670
Elevation	26–74 m (85–243 ft) (avg. 33 m or 108 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

¹ French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Mazingarbe is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

The village was known as Masengarba in 1046, Masengarbe in 1232 and Mazengarbe in 1558.
Mazingarbe’s first inhabitants, as far as can be ascertained, were Neolithic farmers who grew grain and raised sheep, pigs and oxen. Many flint tools have been found dating from this period. Other archaeological excavations have unearthed pottery, clay tiles, tools, jewelry and bones, evidence of occupation of the site at the beginning of the first millennium of a Gallo-Roman villa at a place called Le Marais Bray.
In 1046 the village was mentioned as the villa Mazengarba confirmed as a possession of the abbey of Marchiennes. The estate and its lands remained the property of the church until the French Revolution. Under the Ancien Régime, the population was predominantly agricultural. Like most towns and villages of the Artois, Mazingarbe had suffered the ravages of invasions, wars and looting, epidemics of plague, fires and harsh winters. In 1790, there were 328 inhabitants. The records of Croÿ, dating from the early 17th century, show Mazingarbe at that time as a modest little village gathered around a church.
Mazingarbe was home to fewer than 800 people before the opening, in 1859, of the first coal mine, No. 2. Pits No. 6 (1876) and No. 7 (1877) followed later. The population grew at the same speed as industry, the city hosting several waves of immigrant workers, first Belgians and Italians and then later mostly Polish. The creation of a treatment plant and coal processing plant in 1896, which later became a large chemical complex, significantly enhanced the town.
Mazingarbe suffered heavy damage during the First World War. The battlefront was only two kilometres away at Vermelles.
The Second World War didn't spare the town either. An Allied aerial bombardment of the factories and mines, in September 1943, claimed 27 civilian victims.