Maud Slye
| Maud Caroline Slye | |
|---|---|
Maud Slye
|
|
| Born |
February 8, 1879 Minneapolis, Minnesota |
| Died | September 17, 1954 (aged 75) Chicago, Illinois Heart attack |
| Resting place | Oak Woods Cemetery |
| Residence | Chicago, Illinois |
| Citizenship | United States |
| Nationality | American |
| Fields | Pathology, Genetics |
| Institutions | University of Chicago |
| Alma mater |
Brown University University of Chicago |
| Known for | Genetically uniform mice as a research tool |
| Notable awards | Gold Medal, American Medical Association |
Maud Slye (8 February 1879 – 17 September 1954), born Maud Caroline Slye, was an American pathologist who was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. A historian of women and science wrote that Slye "'invented' genetically uniform mice as a research tool." Her work focused on the heritability of cancer in mice. She was also an advocate for the comprehensive archiving of human medical records, believing that proper mate selection would help eradicate cancer. During her career, she received multiple awards and honors, including the gold medal of the American Medical Association in 1914, in 1915 the Ricketts Prize, and the gold medal of the American Radiological Society in 1922. In 1923, Albert Soiland, pioneer radiologist, nominated Maud Slye, cancer pathologist for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The nomination came as a result of her work as one of the first scientists to suggest that cancer can be an inherited disease, and for the development of new procedures for the care and breeding of lab mice.
Slye received her undergraduate training at the University of Chicago and Brown University. While at the University of Chicago, she supported herself as a secretary for University President William Rainey Harper. After a breakdown, she completed her studies at Brown in 1899. After teaching, she began her postgraduate work in 1908 at the University of Chicago, performing neurological experiments on mice. She would remain at the University of Chicago for the rest of her career. After hearing of a cluster of cattle cancers at a nearby stockyard, she changed the focus of her research to cancer. Slye raised—and kept pedigrees for—150,000 mice during her career. On 5 May 1913, she first presented a paper before the American Society for Cancer Research regarding the work on general problems in heredity, carried on at the University of Chicago in the Department of Zoology. In 1919 she was selected as director of the Cancer Laboratory at the University of Chicago. In 1922, she was promoted to assistant professor and became an associate professor in 1926. She retired in 1945 as a professor Emeritus of Pathology. Her belief that cancer was a recessive trait that could be eliminated through breeding caused clashes with fellow scientists, including C. C. Little.
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