Matthew Robinson Boulton (8 August 1770 – 16 May 1842) was an English manufacturer, a pioneer of management, the son of Matthew Boulton and the father of Matthew Piers Watt Boulton, who first patented the aileron. He was responsible with James Watt Jr. for the management of the Soho Foundry.
Matthew Robinson Boulton was mainly involved in the initial planning of the Foundry, with James Watt Jr. being more concerned with daily management and organisation.
Boulton's father, Matthew, became seriously ill in 1809. He died at Soho House on 17 August 1809. He was buried in the graveyard of St. Mary's Church, Handsworth, in Birmingham – the church was later extended over the site of his grave. Inside the church, on the north wall of the sanctuary, is a large marble monument to his father, commissioned by his son Boulton, sculpted by the sculptor John Flaxman. It includes a marble bust of Boulton, set in a circular opening above two putti, one holding an engraving of the Soho Manufactory.
The Boulton family lived in Birmingham, England, but his son Matthew Piers Watt Boulton likely moved to Oxfordshire after selling his grandfather's estate in 1850.
Boulton's son, Matthew Piers Watt Boulton, was named after his grandfather, Matthew Boulton, as well as his grandfather's close associate, James Watt and his great-grandmother's family, the Piers. Boulton and Watt had perfected the steam engine during the 1770s which soon set off the Industrial Revolution in England, and later the rest of the world.