Malagasy Republic
| Malagasy Republic | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Repoblika Malagasy République malgache |
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Motto Fahafahana, Tanindrazana, Fandrosoana "Freedom, Fatherland, Progress" |
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Anthem Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô! "Oh, beloved land of our ancestors!" |
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 Location of the Malagasy Republic in Africa
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| Capital | Tananarive | |||||||||||||||||||
| Languages | Malagasy · French | |||||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Christianity · Traditional beliefs | |||||||||||||||||||
| Government |
Autonomous republic (1958–1960) Republic (1960–1975) |
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| High Commissioner | ||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1958–1959 | André Soucadaux | ||||||||||||||||||
| President | ||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1959–1972 | Philibert Tsiranana | ||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1972-1975 | Gabriel Ramanantsoa | ||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1975 | Richard Ratsimandrava | ||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1975 | Gilles Andriamahazo | ||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1975 | Didier Ratsiraka | ||||||||||||||||||
| Prime Minister | ||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1958–1959 | Philibert Tsiranana | ||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1972–1975 | Gabriel Ramanantsoa | ||||||||||||||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | |||||||||||||||||||
| • | Upper house | Senate | ||||||||||||||||||
| • | Lower house | National Assembly | ||||||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Cold War | |||||||||||||||||||
| • | Established | October 14, 1958 | ||||||||||||||||||
| • | Detachment of the Îles Éparses | April 1, 1960 | ||||||||||||||||||
| • | Independence | June 26, 1960 | ||||||||||||||||||
| • | Disestablished | December 30, 1975 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Area | ||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1961 | 587,040 km² (226,657 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Population | ||||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1961 est. | 5,590,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Density | 9.5 /km² (24.7 /sq mi) | |||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1975 est. | 7,568,577 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Density | 12.9 /km² (33.4 /sq mi) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | Madagascar-Comores CFA franc (1960–1963) Malagasy franc (ariary) (1963–1975) |
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| Today part of |
 Madagascar French Southern and Antarctic Lands
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The Malagasy Republic (Malagasy: Repoblika Malagasy, French: République malgache) was a state situated in Southeast Africa. It was established in 1958 as an autonomous republic within the newly created French Community and existed until the proclamation of the Democratic Republic of Madagascar in 1975.
After France adopted the Constitution of the Fifth Republic under the leadership of General Charles de Gaulle, on September 28, 1958, a referendum was held in the Colony of Madagascar to determine whether the country should become a self-governing republic within the French Community. The AKFM and other nationalists opposed to the concept of limited self-rule mustered about 25 percent of votes cast. The vast majority of the population at the urging of the PSD leadership voted in favor of the referendum. The vote led to the election of Tsiranana as the country's first president on April 27, 1959. After a year of negotiations between Tsiranana and his French counterparts, Madagascar's status as a self-governing republic officially was altered on June 26, 1960, to that of a fully independent and sovereign state. The cornerstone of Tsiranana's government was the signing with France of fourteen agreements and conventions designed to maintain and strengthen Franco-Malagasy ties. These agreements were to provide the basis for increasing opposition from Tsiranana's critics.
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