Louis Philippe Joseph, duc d'Orléans

Louis Philippe Joseph d'Orléans
Duke of Orléans

Born	(1747-04-13)13 April 1747 Château de Saint Cloud, Saint-Cloud, France
Died	6 November 1793(1793-11-06) (aged 46) Paris, France
Spouse	Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon
House	House of Orléans
Father	Louis Philippe d'Orléans
Mother	Louise Henriette de Bourbon
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Louis Philippe Joseph d'Orléans (13 April 1747 – 6 November 1793), most commonly known as Philippe, was born at the Château de Saint-Cloud. He received the title of Duke of Montpensier at birth, then that of Duke of Chartres at the death of his grandfather, Louis d'Orléans, in 1752. At the death of his father, Louis Philippe d'Orléans, in 1785, he inherited the title of Duke of Orléans and also became the First Prince du sang, title attributed to the Prince of the Blood closest to the throne after the Sons and Grandsons of France. He then was addressed as Monsieur le Prince. In 1792, during the French Revolution, he changed his name to Philippe Égalité. Louis Philippe d'Orléans was Louis XVI's first cousin and one of the wealthiest men in France. He actively supported the Revolution of 1789, and was a strong advocate for the elimination of the present absolute monarchy in favor of a constitutional monarchy. He voted the death of king Louis XVI; however, was himself guillotined in November 1793 during the Reign of Terror. His son Louis Philippe d'Orléans became King of the French after the July Revolution of 1830. After him, the term Orléanist came to be attached to the movement in France that favored a constitutional monarchy.

Louis Philippe Joseph d'Orléans was the son of Louis Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Chartres, and Louise Henriette de Bourbon. Philippe was a member of the House of Orléans, a cadet branch of the French royal family. His mother came from the House of Bourbon-Condé.