Long-billed black cockatoo
| Baudin's black cockatoo | |
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| Female at Margaret River, Western Australia | |
_-Margaret_River-8.jpg) |
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| Male at Margaret River, Western Australia | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Psittaciformes |
| Family: | Cacatuidae |
| Genus: | Calyptorhynchus |
| Subgenus: | Zanda |
| Species: | C. baudinii |
| Binomial name | |
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Calyptorhynchus baudinii Lear, 1832 |
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| Range in red | |
Baudin's black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus baudinii), also known as Baudin's cockatoo or long-billed black cockatoo, is a large black cockatoo found in southwestern Australia. The binomial commemorates the French explorer Nicolas Baudin. It has a short crest on the top of its head. Its plumage is mostly greyish black and it has prominent white cheek patches and a white tail band. The body feathers are edged with white giving a scalloped appearance. Adult males have a dark grey beak and pink eye-rings. Adult females have a bone coloured beak, grey eye-rings and ear patches that are paler than those of the males.
Edward Lear depicted the species in 1832 from a specimen owned by Benjamin Leadbeater, though did not write a description nor provide measurements. The female bird he figured as the type specimen was indicated by Lear in a note at the base of the plate as, “In the possession of Mr Benjamin Leadbeater”.
This and Carnaby's black cockatoo were known collectively as the white-tailed black cockatoo until formally classified as separate species.
Common names include Baudin's black cockatoo or long-billed black cockatoo.
Within the genus, the two Western Australian white-tailed species, the short-billed and long-billed black cockatoo, together with the yellow-tailed black cockatoo of eastern Australia form the subgenus Zanda. The red-tailed and glossy black cockatoos form the other subgenus, Calyptorhynchus. The two groups are distinguished by differing juvenile food begging calls and the degree of sexual dimorphism. Males and females of the latter group have markedly different plumage, whereas those of the former have similar plumage.
The three species of the subgenus Zanda have been variously considered as two, then as a single species for many years. In a 1979 paper, Australian ornithologist Denis Saunders highlighted the similarity between the short-billed and the southern race xanthanotus of the yellow-tailed and treated them as a single species with the long-billed as a distinct species. He proposed that Western Australia had been colonised on two separate occasions, once by a common ancestor of all three forms (which became the long-billed black cockatoo), and later by what has become the short-billed black cockatoo. However, an analysis of protein allozymes published in 1984 revealed the two Western Australian forms to be more closely related to each other than to the yellow-tailed, and the consensus since then has been to treat them as three separate species.
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Wikipedia